Depends how you define "extensively researched".
The Robert Scott on your 1871 census was aged 37, so he was born circa 1834.
The Robert Scott who married Catherine Agatha McIntosh in Fort William in Calcutta in the Bengal Presidency on 31st December 1851 was aged 21, so he was born circa January 1830 to December 1830.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bengal_PresidencyHis wife was aged 23, so she would be born circa January 1828 to December 1828.
His father was David Scott, her father was John McIntosh, the bride and groom were residents of Calcutta.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_William,_IndiaHe was a mariner with the H.C. Marine = Honourable Company = HEIC = Honourable East India Company's Marine. Although it's formal name had changed by 1851, but it was probably still colloquially referred to by it's former title.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Indian_Navy#Colo...*********************************************************************************************************
There is only one record for the birth of a child in India called Elizabeth Jane Scott, which doesn't mean that there wasn't another birth for someone of the same name.
The father of Elizabeth Jane Scott was an Army Serjeant called Robert Scott, in His Majesty's 90th Regiment of Foot, and her mother's forename was Catherine.
She was born on 8th March 1861 and was christened on 15th July 1861 in Peshawar in the Bengal Presidency.
1st Battalion 90th Regiment of Foot (Perthshire Volunteers) Light Infantry
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/90th_Regiment_of_Foot_(Perthshi...)
1830 UK...1835 Ceylon...1846 Cape Colony...1847 England...1854 Crimea...1856 England
1857 India - Berhampore...1857 Sepoy rebellion = the Indian Mutiny...1858 India - Bengal & Madras...1869 UK...1877 Cape Colony ...1877 Kaffir war...1879 Zulu war...1879 Natal
1881 India: Bengal
Berhampore is now Baharampur and it's on the outskirts of Calcutta which is now Kolkata.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baharampur ...
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolkatahttps://maps.google.co.uk/maps?q=Baharampur&ion=1&es...It's a stretch, but census ages could be out by several years, so it's possible that the sailor, soldier, and the man on the census were the same person, and it's possible that he enlisted into the army in India.