A number of Fraternal organizations exist(ed) to provide financial security in the event of the death of the primary breadwinner. This "insurance" was offered to those of a common ancestry or ethnicity. So, it is like "insurance" but to a specific market.
Also keep in mind that we are talking about associations prior to the 1900's - social security did not exist nor did the United Way or other massive safety nets for those who meet misfortune.
Hope this helps.