As Jeff stated in his reply, it is a standard naval uniform. The flat "Donald Duck" cap would have the ships name "USS Atlanta" as an example embroidered on the tape. The hat band and rank lace for the cuff were standardized in 1876 by the Navy. As he has no cuff lace visible, it could be a picture he had taken when he entered the service.
The Navy used the same uniform from 1876 until WW 2 with very little change.
Your best bet would be to contact the Old Records Division of the National Archives to see if he has any records on file-
http://www.archives.gov/veterans/military-service-records/pr...Here's an example of a pre-WW1 US Navy uniform