Hi Heather,
I have done some extensive research into James Drummond's family. He has loads of descendents in WA and I believe some in Saskatchewan, Canada (Regina) and at least one living relative (Billy) who lives in Castle Douglas, Lanark,
Scotland.
I have tried to attach the info I have but have been mostly unsuccessful. Please keep in touch and let me know any additions to the tree. I traced a WA descendent 'Heidi
Clarkson' (4yrs old of Esperance, WA. James's son johnston was killed by an aborigine (it is said
Johnston was sleeping with the man's wife). A few weeks later Johnston's brother John shot the aborigine dead and as a result lost his job as Chief of Native
Police.
James
Drummond was 'shafted' (my words) by the British Government and by the first governor of WA, who promised james so much then failed to deliver. I have a small family tree that unfortunatley I can't send over this medium - it contains more 'present day descendents' in WA. If you want a copy please send me your email address. Contact me on
auldgit@hotmail.co.uk for further info.
James
Drummond (1787-1863)
James
Drummond was born in Inverarity, near
Forfar. His father Thomas
Drummond was a gardener at Fotheringham estate. He followed the usual course of an apprenticeship leading to ‘qualification’ as a gardener.
In 1808 he was employed by Mr Dickson (most probably George Dickson of Leith Walk, Edinburgh). In the mid-1808, at the age of 21 was appointed curator of the botanic garden that was being established by the
Cork Institution, in the City of
Cork, Ireland. This was a government funded garden, one purpose of which was the testing and propagation of plants for the benefit of farmers of southern Ireland.
In addition to his horticultural duties,
Drummond discovered several species of plant that were previously not known to occur in Ireland. In 1810
Drummond was elected as an Associate of the Linnaean Society of London. That year he married Sarah Mackintosh in
Cork, Ireland, with whom he would have six children.
In 1828, in the midst of an economic recession, the British government withdrew funding for the garden and
Drummond found himself unemployed with six children to support. Shortly afterwards, he was offered an appointment as Government Naturalist to the soon-to-be-established
Swan River Colony. This position was honorary, but
Drummond was given to understand that if it was decided to establish a public garden in the colony, he could expect to be given a salaried appointment as Superintendent of Government Gardens.
Swan River Colony was a British settlement established at the
Swan River on the west coast of Australia in 1829. Strictly speaking, the
Swan river colony existed from 1829-1832, and encompassed only lands around and to the south of the
Swan River. When the colony’s Lieutenant-Governor, Captain (later Admiral Sir) James
Stirling, belatedly received his commission in early 1832, the colony was officially referred to by the name Western Australia, and its lands were extended to include the entire western third of Australia. However the name ‘Swan River Colony’ continued to be used informally for many years.
Drummond and his family sailed for the
Swan River with the colony’s other government officials on board the Parmelia. On arriving, a temporary settlement was established at garden Island. Informed that the settlement was unlikely move to the mainland for a few months,
Drummond established a garden on garden Island.
Under the colony’s land grant conditions, Drummond’s investment in the colony was valued at £375, and this figure entitled him to 5000 acres (20km2) of land. His first grant was 100 acres of rich alluvial soil at
Guildford, where Helena and
Swan Rivers met. He took possession of this land in 1829, and set about establishing a public nursery, probably with a view to encouraging his appointme4nt to the salaried position of Superintendent of government gardens. However, when
Drummond sought permission of the Governor, Captain James
Stirling, to transfer some of his plants from garden Island, he was refused permission and told that the storekeeper, John Morgan, has been given control of the Garden Island nursery. Drummond then abandoned the
Guildford site.
Around this time
Drummond was given permission to select 1000 acres of his grant on the
Swan River. He chose a site in the present-day Perth suburb of Ascot, consisting of extensive river frontage and low lying flats prone to flooding. Later he claimed a grant in the Avon Valley south of Beverley, but changed his mind and exchanged it for land in the Helena Valley, probably near the present-day site of Mundaring Weir.
In July 1831,
Stirling decided to establish a Government garden and nursery adjacent to the temporary Government House. He appointed
Drummond to the position of Superintendent with a salary of £100 per year, and allowed him to live in a small house next to the site. The following year, however,
Stirling received instructions from the Colonial Office that the position of Government naturalist should be abolished. Stirling agreed to press for the decision to be overturned, and in the meantime invited
Drummond to take over the Government gardens for his own profit.
Stirling returned to England later that year to hold discussions with the Colonial Office in person. On his return, in June 1834,
Drummond was informed that the Colonial Office had insisted that Drummond’s post be abolished. On top of his retrenchment,
Drummond was instructed to vacate his house next to the Government gardens, as
Stirling had decided to build a permanent Government House on the site. The situation degenerated into a quarrel, and
Drummond tendered his resignation. He then retired from Perth to his grant in the Helena Valley, where he established a nursery and vineyard.
In July 1845 his son
Johnston was killed during an expedition at Moore River. This caused James
Drummond to give up collecting. However 15 months later he was awarded an honorarium from the Queen’s Bounty for his services to botany. This inspired
Drummond to begin collecting again until 1855 when he was too old to continue.
Old James
Drummond, with his two white packhorses and kangaroo dogs, was a familiar figure throughout the colony. Described as a plain but agreeable old man, his dour Scottish face was framed by bushy white whiskers. He usually walked everywhere, his horses being laden with stores on the way out and specimens on the way home. When his knapsack and pockets were filled with plants his white head was bared and his hat was crammed to the brim.
In 1855 he declined the post of botanist in (Sir) Augustus Gregory's expedition to northern Australia because of advancing years. In his old age he held open house at Hawthornden on Saturday evenings when he lectured on natural history. He died at his home on 27 March 1863, survived by his widow, three sons and two daughters.
Excerpt from the List of Passengers on the Parmelia, 1829
Name Quality
James
DrummondHorticulturalist
Sarah
Drummond Wife of James
DrummondThomas
Drummond Son of James
Drummond, 18 yrs
Jane
Drummond Daughter of James
Drummond, 16 yrs
James
DrummondSon of James
Drummond, 15 yrs
John
DrummondSon of James
Drummond, 13 yrs
Johnston
DrummondSon of James
Drummond, 9 yrs
Euphemia
Drummond Child of James
Drummond, 3 yrs
Elizabeth Gamble Servant of James
DrummondJames
Drummond (Jnr) (1814–8 February 1873)
James
Drummond Jnr was a Member of the Western Australian Legislative Council from 1870 to 1873.
Born in 1814, most probably in
Cork, Ireland, James
Drummond was the son of botanist James
Drummond. Nothing is known of his early life, but in 1829 the family emigrated to the
Swan River Colony in what is now Western Australia, arriving on board the Parmelia on 1 June. For much of his early life James
Drummond helped farm the family's land grants, first on the
Swan River and after 1836 at their Hawthornden grant at Toodyay.
Shortly after relocating to Toodyay,
Drummond obtained a tract of land adjoining the family grant, becoming a land owner in his own right. He then built the Toodyay district's first flour mill on the site.
In 1841 and 1842, he went on a number of exploring expeditions with Captain John Scully.
During the early 1840s, Drummond's father and brother
Johnston became increasingly involved in botanical collecting, and his brother John was appointed Inspector of Native
Police at
York, Western Australia. Consequently, James
Drummond become increasingly responsible for the family farm, until by 1844 he was solely responsible for its management. In that year a severe recession hit the colony, and
Drummond found himself deeply in debt. He continued to work Hawthornden under great financial stress for a number of years, but by 1850 was sufficiently recovered to take up a sheep station at Dandaragan. That year he joined a large group of pastoralists including Lockier Burges, John Sydney David and Thomas Brown in driving their stock overland to newly discovered grazing land at
Champion Bay. On arriving,
Drummond took up a large tract of land upon which he established the Oakabella station.
On 26 February 1857
Drummond married Martha Ann Sewell, who was an aunt of George Malakoff Sewell. They would have three sons and five daughters. Drummond's father died in 1863, and
Drummond donated his father's herbarium to Ferdinand von Mueller.
From the mid 1840s, James
Drummond became increasingly involved in the public affairs of the Toodyay district. He was a member of the Toodyay Roads Trust in the 1840s, and was also involved in the Toodyay Education Committee. Late in 1853 he was appointed a Justice of the Peace, and in 1857 he was elected to the Toodyay Roads Committee. By 1861 he was Chairman of the Toodyay Agricultural Society. By the time Western Australia gained responsible government in 1870,
Drummond was widely acknowledged as the leader and spokesperson for the Toodyay district. On 31 October 1870, he was elected to Western Australian Legislative Council seat of Toodyay with a huge majority. He was a member of seven of the ten parliamentary committees set up by the First Parliament, and was also elected to the Central Board of Education. When a system of local government was introduced in 1871,
Drummond was elected to the Victoria Plains Council, and the following year became a member of the Toodyay Roads Board.
Early in February 1873,
Drummond returned home exhausted from having helped fight a bushfire that was threatening his paddocks and homestead, had a cold bath and caught pneumonia. He died about a week later on 8 February 1873, and is believed to have been buried alongside his parents at Hawthornden.
Before his death he sent his father's valuable key collection to the Melbourne Herbarium.
John Nicol
Drummond (1816–1906)
John Nicol
Drummond was Western Australia’s first Inspector of Native
Police, and helped to explore the
Champion Bay district before becoming one of the district's pioneer pastoralists.
The fourth child of botanist James
Drummond, John
Drummond was born in County
Cork in 1816. Among his brothers were James, who would become a Member of the Western Australian Legislative Council; and
Johnston, who became a respected botanical collector. An uncle, Thomas, had accompanied Sir John Franklin in his explorations into the Northwest Territories of Canada in 1819-22.
In 1829 the
Drummond family emigrated to the
Swan River Colony in what is now Western Australia, arriving on board the Parmelia on 1 June. John
Drummond would have spent much of his youth helping with the family farm at Toodyay. As he grew older, he spent more and more time with the local indigenous Australians of the area, going on long hunting expeditions that took him away from home for many weeks at a time. In 1839 he caused a scandal in the colony when it became widely known that he been "lent" a wife by the local tribe.
Late in 1839, a woman and her baby were murdered by natives near
York, and Governor Hutt responded by establishing a special police force known as the Native
Police. As a man well known and widely respected by the local tribes, and familiar with indigenous language and customs, John
Drummond was appointed the colony's first Inspector of Native
Police. He made regular patrols of the Avon Valley district, and continued to attend corroborees and tribal gatherings. He became a valued tracker and negotiator, and earned the respect of both colonists and natives.
In 1845, Drummond's brother
Johnston was murdered by a native named Kabinger. After obtaining a warrant, John
Drummond set out to avenge his brother's murder. He tracked Kabinger for two weeks without success, before finding him at sundown on 15 August. According to the diary of Gerard de Courcy Lefroy:
"He pulled up his horse, which is rather a hot little beggar, and asked him why he murdered his brother... the awful ghastly look the scoundrel gave him nearly unnerved him for the moment... but when he saw the spear shifted... his horse plunging all the time he put his gun up and fired and drove the ball in his left side and out his right. He fell to the ground on his face and buried his teeth in the grounds and expired.... It was a beautiful shot - fifty yards - he never let his spears go."
Drummond reported Kabinger's death as having been done "in the execution of his duty while enforcing a warrant of arrest". Governor Hutt, who had already had a number of disputes with
Drummond over his "independent attitude to officialdom", did not accept Drummond's version of events, and suspended him from the police force. However without Drummond's influence the natives caused the colonists of the district difficulties, so when Hutt returned to England at the end of the year,
Drummond was immediately reappointed to the police at a lower rank.
In 1849,
Drummond accompanied an overland party to the
Champion Bay district, where a small mining settlement was being formed. He helped to handle a number of delicate and dangerous standoffs with the local indigenous tribe, and his return to Toodyay was greatly regretted. On returning to Toodyay,
Drummond found himself constantly quarrelling with the newly appointed Protector of the Natives at
York, Walkinshaw Cowan, who accused him of leaving his district while on duty. These accusations were probably correct, as
Drummond was courting Mary Eliza Shaw of
Guildford at the time. In April 1850, a court of inquiry was held at
York to enquire into Cowan's complaints against
Drummond. The inquiry was eventually closed without any findings, and shortly afterwards the problem was solved by transferring
Drummond to
Champion Bay as First Constable of the newly established police force there.
In 1850,
Drummond acted as police escort for a group of pastoralists including John Sydney Davis, Major Logue, William and Lockier Burges, Thomas and Kenneth Brown, and Drummond's brother James, in overlanding stock from
York to Greenough. Later he accompanied an exploration party including Augustus Gregory, John Septimus
Roe, James
Drummond Jr and Samuel Pole Phillips, in exploring the land around the Upper Irwin.
In 1851,
Drummond acquired a block of land next to the police reserve at what is now known as
Drummond Cove. In December 1851 he married Mary Shaw (b. 8 December 1825 d. 19 October 1918) at
Guildford, Western Australia, Australia. Shortly afterwards he obtained a pastoral lease over four thousand acres (16 km²) of land in the area, adding three thousand acres (12 km²) the following year. In February 1852 he took leave, travelling to
Guildford where he married Mary Eliza Shaw. They would have one daughter, who would die in infancy.
A rich lode of copper ore was discovered on Drummond's pastoral lease in 1853, and
Drummond purchased fifty acres of his leave to secure the mining rights. He then placed management of the mine in the hands of George Shenton, who appointed Joseph Horrocks to manage the mine. Under Horrock's management, the mine, which was named Gwalla, ultimately became the town of Northampton.
By 1857,
Drummond had been promoted to Sub-Inspector of
Police at
Champion Bay, and owned valuable pastoral and mining interests in the area. That year, he was ordered to take charge of the police force at Albany, around 800 kilometres away. Unwilling to abandon his other interests, he resigned from the police force, thereafter focussing on his pastoral and agricultural interests.
In 1876, the Drummonds took in the orphaned child of Kenneth Brown, who had been hanged for murdering his wife. He retired in the 1880s, and died in 1906. He was the second last surviving colonist to arrive on the Parmelia, his sister Euphemia being the last.
Thomas
Drummond (1811-1887)
He was born in
Cork, ireland but spent most of his childhood in
Scotland before moving with his parents to the
Swan River Colony (WA). In 1850 Thomas received a pastoral lease at Dandaragan, but still lived at the family’s Hawthornden farm. In 1879, he becames a householder in
York, he then moved to Perth. He never married or had children.
On the 29th february 1897, aged 87, he passed away in East Perth (WA). Unlike the rest of the
Drummond family he who were buried at Hawthornden, Thomas was buried in the East perth cemetery.
Johnston
Drummond (1820–13 July 1845)
Johnston
Drummond was a respected botanical and zoological collector.
The son of botanist James
Drummond,
Johnston Drummond was born in County
Cork, Ireland in 1820. Among his brothers were James, who would become a Member of the Western Australian Legislative Council, and John Nicol
Drummond, first Inspector of the Native
Police. An uncle Thomas, accompanied Sir John Franklin in his explorations into the Northwest Territories of Canada in 1819-22.
In 1829 the
Drummond family emigrated to the
Swan River Colony in what is now Western Australia, arriving on board the Parmelia on 1 June. Johnston
Drummond spent much of his early life helping his father and brothers run their farm at their grant on the
Swan River. Later the family relocated to Toodyay, where
Johnston was again involved in running the farm.
Johnston
Drummond developed a taste for botanical and zoological collecting from his father. By the age of fifteen he was making collections of native seeds for sale at Cape Town, and he also sold a collection of seeds to George Fletcher Moore, who sent them on to James Mangles. In 1839 he joined his father on a journey up the Salt River, making a collection of bird and mammal skins, and he later sold a collection of bord skins to Ludwig Preiss.
In 1841,
Johnston Drummond joined an expedition in search of good squatting land to the east of their land at Toodyay. The expedition, which included James
Drummond Snr and Samuel Pole Phillips under the command of Captain John Scully, discovered the vast tract of open pastoral land that is now known as the Victoria Plains.
Johnston
Drummond made a number of other collecting expeditions, accompanying his father and the naturalist John Gilbert on an expedition to the Wongan Hills in early 1842, and later that year making an expedition to the Moore River, during which he collected the first specimen of the Black Kangaroo Paw, Macropidia fuliginosa. Over the next two years he made a number of collecting expeditions while engaged as a collector for John Gould, including a major expedition to King George Sound and along the south coast as far as Cape Riche.
In 1844, a severe recession placed the
Drummond family in severe financial debt, and the family farm was lost. Johnston
Drummond and his father began planning to make their entire living from collecting, discussing going to South Australia or India, but nothing came of it.
In the winter of 1845,
Johnston Drummond discovered that a native named Kabinger had been stealing sheep. He warned Kabinger away from the station, and in response Kabinger threatened to spear him. On 4 July,
Johnston Drummond went on a short journey to collect specimens, taking with him a number of natives including Kabinger's wife, with whom
Drummond was apparently sleeping. In the middle of the night of 13 July, Kabinger appeared and drove two spears through
Johnston Drummond's body. Drummond died shortly afterwards. Kabinger slept at the campsite that night, and took his wife away the next morning. He was shot dead by Drummond's brother John a few weeks later.
Euphemia
Drummond (1826-1921)
Euphemia married Ewen McIntosh, (MacKintosh) (Born 1812,
Scotland, d. 4 June 1881) in Toodyay on the 20th Apr 1849. She was the daughter of James
Drummond. Ewen was a cousin to Donald MacPherson. He was a pastoralist and agriculturalist in the Toodyay district. His homestead was at "Glendearg". He bought Avon Locations of 10 acres in 1858 and 80 acres in 1868 to secure pastoral leases in the vicinity and also at Dandaragan and
Champion Bay. He also employed 60 Ticket-of-Leave men between 1857 and 1878 including 2 tutors, cooks and shepherds
Euphemia
Drummond died on the 4th January 1921 at Toodyay.
Their children were:
Sarah b. 26 June 1850, d. 3 January 1946
Grace b. 19 September 1852, d. 28 December 1940
James
Drummond, b. 22 November 1855, Toodyay, d. 27 January 1899
Jane b. March 1858, d. 15 January 1930
Donald Johnson b. 1859, Toodyay, d. 26 April 1908, Toodyay
Euphemia b. 1860, d. 1947; m. C. Sharp
Mary
Isabella (b. 10 September 1862, d. 1948) married Alfred Ernest Dugdale at Carnarvon on the 3rd Dec 1890. They had 5 children.
Rose Ann b. 4 January 1865, d. 20 October 1939
Christina Margaret (Madge) b. 29 August 1866, d. 30 June 1940
Mabel (twin) b. 20 October 1868, d. 1870, Toodyay
Robert Ewen (twin) b. 20 October 1868, Toodyay, d. 16 December 1945; m. 10 October 1910 Mary Ann Lahiff; 6 children
Jane
Drummond (1813-1905)
Jane
Drummond was born in
Cork to the botanist James
Drummond and was married to Michael
Clarkson (b. 1804d. 2 March 1871, Toodyay, Western Australia) on the 6th November 1833 at
Swan, Western Australia. Jane died on the 19th July 1905 at Toodyay, Western Australia, Australia.
They had the following children:
Deborah
Wilberforce Clarkson (b. November 1834 d. 1918) married an A. Durlicher
Barnard
Drummond Clarkson (b. 11th December 1836 d.23rd March 1909 at
Guildford, Western Australia). He married
Isabella Julia Lukin (b. 14th June 1849 at Deepdale, Toodyay, WA d. 26th August 1934) on the 14th March 1866 at Hawthornden, Toodyay, WA. They had the following children:
Edward Ellis
Clarkson (b. 1867 d. 1867)
Barnard Lionel
Clarkson (b. 9 May 1868, Western Australia, Australia d. 1940) He married Ellen Maud Dempster (b. 3 April 1879 d. 1973) on the 21st September 1898. They had Seven daughters and one son.
Their daughter Winifred married Edward James Maurice Drake-Brockman.
Their daughter Barbara married Norman, son of Frederick William
Roe and Edith May Forward.
Their daughter Deborah married Read, son of Edward Gifford Parker and Evaline Emily Bramwell.
Henry
Wilberforce Clarkson (b. 1873 d. 12 June 1925) married Emma Isabel Phillips (b. 1882 d.) on the 21st February 1905) They had two sons and one daughter.
Hilda Laura
Clarkson (b. 1875 d. 1877)
May Laura
Clarkson (b. 1878, Western Australia, Australia d.)
Donald
Drummond Clarkson (b. 1880 d. 1918)
Muriel
Clarkson (b. 1883, Western Australia, Australia d. 1973)
Ethel
Clarkson (b. 1886, Western Australia, Australia d.)
Beatrice
Clarkson (b. 1889, Western Australia, Australia d. 1957)
http://www.groserfamilies.com/page1627.htmlJames Smith
Clarkson (b. April 1839 d. 7 December 1910, Toodyay, Western Australia, Australia). He married Eliza Selina Green (b. 9 January 1849, d.) on the 21st May 1872 at Toodyay, Western Australia, Australia. They had one child: Ruth
ClarksonMichael Thomas
Clarkson (b. June 1841 d. 1845)
Edward Ellis
Clarkson (b. February 1844 d. July 1865 at Dalby near Toodyay, Western Australia, Australia)
Sarah
Clarkson (b. 15 September 1846, Toodyay, Western Australia, Australia d. 27 July 1912 married Andrew Dempster ) (b. 21 February 1843,
Northam, Western Australia, Australia d. 6 March 1909,
Northam, Western Australia, Australia) on the 21st January 1891 at
Northam, WA).
In June 1871 Sarah married Frederick Mackie
Roe (b. 23 October 1843, Western Australia, Australia d. 27 May 1877).
They had a child Frederick William
Roe (b. 6 August 1874 d. 18 August 1942,
Northam, Western Australia, Australia)
William
Clarkson (b. December 1848 d. 1877,
Guildford, Western Australia, Australia)
Thomas
Drummond (1793-1835)
Thomas
Drummond brother of James
Drummond found many uncommon or rare bryophytes in his native county of
Angus (Forfarshire), supplementing the discoveries of George Don (1764-1814) who had preceded him.
Thomas
Drummond was baptised on April 8th 1793 at Inverarity,
Angus. He was a younger son of Thomas
Drummond, gardener at Fothringham, Inverarity, and his wife, probably Elizabeth (née Nicoll). Thomas and Elizabeth had married at Inverarity on March 18th 1786. Their eldest son was James
Drummond (1786-1863), who like his father and younger brother also became a gardener. Like his brother, James moved to Ireland, where he took charge of the Royal
Cork Institute’s botanical garden. James emigrated to Australia in 1829. James and Thomas junior had a sister Margaret, born in 1788.
James and Thomas both followed their father’s occupation of gardening. Initially they would have worked with him on the estate at Fothringham, but in 1814 at the age of twenty Thomas took over the management of the late George Don’s nursery at Doo Hillock,
Forfar. Forfar was only four miles north of Fothringham, so
Drummond would almost certainly have known Don. Drummond managed Doo Hillock for ten years, during which time he married Isobel Mungo (born 1795/6 in Arbroath) at
Forfar in 1820. Isobel was a daughter of Ann(e) (née Anderson) and John Mungo (1771/2->1851), a gardener at Glamis, about four miles
west of Fothringham and south-west of
Forfar. Thomas and Isobel had three children – Ann (who married Andrew Rough, a farmer at Glamis in 1844), James and
Isabella (born 1824/5).
In 1825
Drummond sailed as assistant naturalist on a two-year expedition to the Arctic, his wife and children presumably remaining in
Scotland. He returned to Britain in October 1827, and in 1828 moved with his family to become the first curator of the Belfast Botanic and Horticultural Society’s new botanical garden. However, he fell out with the management there and returned to
Scotland in 1830. He soon sailed for North America and Canada, where for several years he collected many plants, seeds and birds,
especially in Louisiana and Texas.
He died in Havana, Cuba in February or early March 1835, aged about 42. The circumstances of Drummond’s death are unknown, as a letter to William Jackson
Hooker from the Consul in Havana mentions particulars given in an earlier letter that has been lost.
By 1841 and 1851, Isobel his wife, was living with her father at Glamis. His wife Isabel(la) was quite a character. She had an adultress affair with a married
Forfar man after Thomas had died. From the Kirk session records, she took on the church in Glamis and refused to appear when they summoned her. The church elders declared her to be contumacious! (insubordinate...disobedient....insolent). In 1841 a four-year old John
Drummond was also living in the same house although not the natural son of Thomas (probably sired from her affair with the married
Forfar man).
Thomas and Isobel’s son James trained as a nurseryman, but Charles Lyell (1767-1849) of Kinnordy, Kirriemuir,
Angus paid for him to attend the Dundee Academy, and he subsequently entered the priesthood, serving at Pondicherry in the East Indies.
His son, James Ramsay
Drummond (1851-1921) became a civil servant and amateur botanist in India, and worked at Kew from 1905.
His son, James Montagu Frank
Drummond (born in India 1881-1965) became Professor of Botany at Glasgow and Manchester. Thus, a botanical interest persisted through at least five generations of male Drummonds.
Excerpt from a letter to Frederick Orpen
Bower from James’s wife AM
Drummond (June 1918) in which she thanks
Bower for his enquiries about James Montagu Frank
Drummond, her husband, and explains that she has delayed her reply to him until she had definite news of him. She states that he is well and cheery but due to the fact that there is an ongoing offensive against the Germans, he cannot say where he is.
He still has his position as intelligence officer which means that he is responsible for the snipers, scouts and observation posts. He also has to know the roads and signposts and send in maps to the general headquarters.
She tells
Bower that she has been very anxious about his safety during this latest battle as she has heard how badly the Germans treat their prisoners. She states that she knows a former prisoner of war in Germany who she describes as near to death and a bag of bones. She says that he has the most awful stories and that the prisoners regularly had the dogs set on them so that the guards could watch them run. She informs
Bower that she will have to move her rooms which is no easy task in Paignton as people have heard that it is a safe place to live. She states that she is thinking of returning to Glasgow.
She tells
Bower that her husband had sent a parcel back containing some papers, botanical specimens and souvenirs from the battlefields in Palestine but that it has not arrived. She asks after Bower's work and states that she was sorry to hear that he and John McLean Thompson were managing such large classes alone.
Thomas
Drummond Snr’s best finds of mosses were Grimmia unicolor at Bachnagairn, Clova in 1823, several records of Stegonia latifolia, Timmia austriaca near Airlie Castle, and Neckera pennata at Fothringham. In addition,
Drummond found the liverwort Pleurocladula albescens, probably with William Jackson
Hooker, Robert Kaye Greville and George Walker-Arnott when they visited
Angus in 1824. Of mosses, his discoveries in
Angus include Grimmia decipiens, G. ovalis, Hylocomiastrum umbratum, Hypnum callichroum, Kiaeria glacialis,
Meesia uliginosa, Neckera pumila, Oedipodium griffithianum, Orthotrichum speciosum, Polytrichastrum sexangulare, Pseudobryum cinclidioides, Pseudoleskeella catenulata, Pterygoneurum ovatum, Pterigynandrum filiforme, Pylaisia polyantha, Tayloria lingulata, T. tenuis and Tortula viridifolia.
Drummond produced exsiccatae of mosses as Musci Scotici (1824-5). Ulster Museum, Belfast has three volumes of Musci Scotici, which include specimens from the north of Ireland. Drummond prepared this collection for the Belfast Natural History and Philosophical Society.
Drummond also contributed information for William Jackson Hooker’s Flora Scotica (1821). His plants are at the Natural History Museum in London, at Kew, and Oxford.
Billy Bravaal is a direct descendent of Thomas
Drummond. He presently resides in Douglas, Lanarkshire,
Scotland.
From: "Billy Bravaal" <
billy.bravaal@btopenworld.com>
Subject: Thomas
Drummond Date: Fri, 21 Oct 2005 19:07:34 +0100
Hi,
Thomas
Drummond, botanist and plant hunter, who also
happens to be my great great great grandfather. His story is
one of dedication and perseverance made all the more
remarkable when you learn of the tribulations life threw at
him.
It is a story probably unknown except in the world of botany
and horticulture, although some of the gardeners on list
might have grown Phlox Dummondii at one time and came across
the name. Certainly, a contemporary of Thomas's (David
Douglas) is more recognisable in the mighty Douglas fir
tree, but Thomas's wee annual bedding plant also has a tale
to tell.
Firstly, let me explain the genealogical connection.
Thomas's daughter Ann married Andrew Rough in 1844 ( Glamis
), my great great grandparents, two of their siblings, James
Drummond Rough born 1854 and Andrew Rough b 1858, my great
grandfathers, had a son and daughter each (among others)
these first cousins, William and Jenny, known in the
genealogical world as "German" married each other in 1912,
to become my grandparents. So you see my interest in my
ancestor is not only botanical, but biological having a
double dose of the
Drummond gene.
Born in 1793 in the parish of Iverarity (
Angus) his career
began in 1814 when he succeeded George Don at the Elysian
nursery near
Forfar, his work there brought him to the
attention of William
Hooker, who was professor of Botany at
Glasgow University, it was he who recommended Thomas as
assistant naturalist on Sir John Franklin's expedition
(1825-1827) to the Arctic.
The expedition followed the Hudson
Bay route as far as
Saskatchewan where the party split up. Drummond alone began
exploring the Canadian Rockies in the company of a Red
Indian guide. It was the coldest Canadian winter ever
recorded and the pregnant wife of the guide perished along
with her baby when she had to leave the camp (as per their
custom) to deliver the child. The father returned to his
family leaving Thomas alone, six feet of snow fell that
winter.
On one trek, with the now returned guide, they suffered
from snow blindness, unable to shoot any animals they were
driven to chewing on the skin of an old deer to stay alive,
the dogs failed for want of food and they then had to
dismantle the sledges and carry the baggage on their backs.
With nothing to eat for seven days " a skunk in spite of the
flavour afforded a comfortable meal" The approach of spring
brought hoards of mosquitoes to add more discomfort but
after a 200 mile trek on snow shoes he made it back to the
expedition rendezvous. Captain Franklin described
Drummondas " being indefatigable in collecting specimens of natural
history, in the course of which service he had been exposed
to very great privations. To his perseverance and industry,
science is indebted"
He was honoured 56 years later with the official naming of
Mount
Drummond and the
Drummond ice field in Banff National
Park.
In 1831 Thomas had a new undertaking, he travelled to
America and began exploring Pennsylvania, Philadelphia and
Washington. Crossing the Allegheny mountains but contracted
a fever which laid him up for ten days in Louisville. He
recovered enough to reach St Louis by steamer but suffered a
relapse which left him "skin and bone" but still carried on
collecting. He then went to Texas undaunted by the brewing
of the Texas Revolution and the raging conflicts between
Indians and settlers, travelled to Velasco and as luck would
have it, just in time to encounter the dreaded cholera which
he caught. The same day the captain who sailed with him also
took ill and died, all other cases terminated fatally within
10 to 12 hours. He was the only survivor in Velasco making a
recovery with no one to nurse him or bring him food "when my
appetite returned I was nearly starved for want of food, the
few individuals who remained alive being to much exhausted
with anxiety and fatigue to offer to procure me anything"
Life became no kinder, The Brazos river flooded,
submerging the prairies to 15 feet and did not recede for
months (it was called The Great Overflow). There was
anarchy, famine and widespread lawlessness in Texas, but he
still found time to send back 750 species of beautiful
plants, many of which bear his name. He then navigated an
old canoe 100 miles to Galveston Island by himself and
wintered there despite incessant rain which lasted for three
months.
On returning to New Orleans, Dec 1834, he came down with a
bilious fever and " such a breaking out of ulcers, I am
almost like Job smitten with boils from head to foot" The
boils were so painful he couldn't lie down for seven nights.
Still sick with fever, he headed home to explore the
Florida Peninsular. His last letter dated 9 Feb 1835 was
sent from Apalachicola in Florida where he was to embark for
Havana. There was no further word from Thomas,
Hookerreceived his personal possessions, along with a death
certificate that confirmed his demise.
Thomas never made it back to his family in Glamis, dying
in Cuba March 1835. In 1842 seven years after the
DrummondPhlox introduction into cultivation. Thomas's brother James
saw the Phlox Drummondii growing in a garden in Western
Australia.
Billy With thanks to cousin, Louise H R Meikle
Euphemia
Drummond (1826-1921)
Euphemia married Ewen McIntosh, (MacKintosh) (Born 1812,
Scotland, d. 4 June 1881) in Toodyay on the 20th Apr 1849. She was the daughter of James
Drummond. Ewen was a cousin to Donald MacPherson. He was a pastoralist and agriculturalist in the Toodyay district. His homestead was at "Glendearg". He bought Avon Locations of 10 acres in 1858 and 80 acres in 1868 to secure pastoral leases in the vicinity and also at Dandaragan and
Champion Bay. He also employed 60 Ticket-of-Leave men between 1857 and 1878 including 2 tutors, cooks and shepherds
Euphemia
Drummond died on the 4th January 1921 at Toodyay.
Their children were:
Sarah b. 26 June 1850, d. 3 January 1946
Grace b. 19 September 1852, d. 28 December 1940
James
Drummond, b. 22 November 1855, Toodyay, d. 27 January 1899
Jane b. March 1858, d. 15 January 1930
Donald Johnson b. 1859, Toodyay, d. 26 April 1908, Toodyay
Euphemia b. 1860, d. 1947; m. C. Sharp
Mary
Isabella (b. 10 September 1862, d. 1948) married Alfred Ernest Dugdale at Carnarvon on the 3rd Dec 1890. They had 5 children.
Rose Ann b. 4 January 1865, d. 20 October 1939
Christina Margaret (Madge) b. 29 August 1866, d. 30 June 1940
Mabel (twin) b. 20 October 1868, d. 1870, Toodyay
Robert Ewen (twin) b. 20 October 1868, Toodyay, d. 16 December 1945; m. 10 October 1910 Mary Ann Lahiff; 6 children
Jane
Drummond (1813-1905)
Jane
Drummond was born in
Cork to the botanist James
Drummond and was married to Michael
Clarkson (b. 1804d. 2 March 1871, Toodyay, Western Australia) on the 6th November 1833 at
Swan, Western Australia. Jane died on the 19th July 1905 at Toodyay, Western Australia, Australia.
They had the following children:
Deborah
Wilberforce Clarkson (b. November 1834 d. 1918) married an A. Durlicher
Barnard
Drummond Clarkson (b. 11th December 1836 d.23rd March 1909 at
Guildford, Western Australia). West Australian, 4 Aug. 1892, p.2, .b1674696x.He married
Isabella Julia Lukin (b. 14th June 1849 at Deepdale, Toodyay, WA d. 26th August 1934) on the 14th March 1866 at Hawthornden, Toodyay, WA. In April 1907, the four lots containing Holmehouse, Bassendean were transferred to
Isabella Clarkson. Isabella
Clarkson also obtained the adjoining lots 113 and 130 which created a landholding of six lots which is the current curtilage of the property. Isabella
Clarkson was married to Barnard
Drummond (B.D.) Clarkson
who was a prominent pastoralist, former member of state parliament and resident of Toodyay. The Clarkson’s moved to Holmehouse, Bassendean for their retirement in August 1907, Barnard was 71 and
Isabella, 58.37
They had the following children:
Edward Ellis
Clarkson (b. 1867 d. 1867)
Barnard Lionel
Clarkson (b. 9 May 1868, Western Australia, Australia d. 1940) He married Ellen Maud Dempster (b. 3 April 1879 d. 1973) on the 21st September 1898. They had seven daughters and one son. Their daughter Barbara married Norman, son of Frederick William
Roe and Edith May Forward. Their daughter Deborah married Read, son of Edward Gifford Parker and Evaline Emily Bramwell.
Winifred married Edward James Maurice Drake-Brockman and they had 2 children, Dudley (Colin) Drake-Brockman and Lorna Mary Drake-Brockman.
Dudley (b. 22 Jul 1926 - Northam, Western Australia, d. 24 Aug 1999 - Northam, Western Australia - Buried: - Northam, Western Australia) married Judith Royall House on the 18 Oct 1952 at Kojonup, Western Australia.
They had 5 children.
Michael Maurice Drake-Brockman (b. 8 Feb 1954 - Northam, Western Australia) married Judith Anne Scharf on 21st Sep 1985 at
Guildford Grammar School,
Guildford, Western Australia.
They had 2 children.
Jessica Royall Drake-Brockman (b. 13th February 1988 at Perth, Western Australia.
Amy Winsome Drake Brockman (b. 9th November 1990 at Perth, Western Australia)
Jennifer Mary Drake-Brockman (b. 31 Jul 1955 - Northam, Western Australia) married Edward Benjamin Altham on 4 Sep 1976 at
Northam, Western Australia.
They had 3 children.
Marika Judith Altham (b. 29th December 1978 at
Northam, Western Australia)
Leonie Caroline Altham (b. 24th June 1980 at Katanning, Western Australia)
Anthony Benjamin Altham (b. 27th March 1983 at Katanning, Western Australia)
Frederick Colin Drake-Brockman (b. 29 Apr 1957 - Northam, Western Australia, d. 3 Jul 1977 - Northam, Western Australia)
Katherine Royall Drake-Brockman (b. 31 May 1960 - Northam, Western Australia) married Robert William Patterson on 26 Aug 1978 at Toodyay, Western Australia.
They had 3 children.
Olivia Leigh Patterson (b. 16th November 1978 at
Northam, Western Australia) married mark Jeffrey Walter on 7th October 2007 at Cascade Recreation hall, Cascade, Western Australia. They had 2 children.
Tara Leigh Walter (b.10th February 2005 at Esperance district Hospital, Esperance, Western Australia)
Heidi Kate Walter (b. 17th March 2008 at Esperance District Hospital, Esperance, Western Australia)
Joanne Royall Patterson (b. 20th April 1981 at
Northam, Western Australia)
Lisa Kate Patterson (b. 18th April 1985 at
Northam, Western Australia)
Sara Ruth Drake-Brockman (b. 10 Jul 1963 - Perth, Western Australia) married Peter Lloyd Robinson on 14 Jun 1984 at Perth, Western Australia.
They had 3 children.
Cameron Michael Robinson
Born: 7 Feb 1990 - Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 4
2 M Caitlen Francis Robinson
Born: 3 Aug 1992 - Unknown 4
3 M Hamish Robinson
Born: - Unknown
http://brockman.net.au/Legacy/family/f719.html#f24 Henry
Wilberforce Clarkson (b. 1873 d. 12 June 1925) married Emma Isabel Phillips (b. 1882 d.) on the 21st February 1905) (
Clarkson Henry
Wilberforce – Private – Boer War - Promoted to Corporal 3/3/1900; Sergeant 15/3/1901; Mentioned in Commander-in-Chief's despatches 2/4/1901 - Second (Western Australian Mounted Infantry) Contingent - Departed: February 3, 1900 - Returned: December 8, 1900 - not sure if this is same man). They had two sons and one daughter.
Hilda Laura
Clarkson (b. 1875 d. 1877)
May Laura
Clarkson (b. 1878, Western Australia, Australia d.)
Donald
Drummond Clarkson (b. 1880 d. 1918)
Muriel
Clarkson (b. 1883, Western Australia, Australia d. 1973)
Ethel
Clarkson (b. 1886, Western Australia, Australia d.)
Beatrice
Clarkson (b. 1889, Western Australia, Australia d. 1957)
http://www.groserfamilies.com/page1627.html James Smith
Clarkson (b. April 1839 d. 7 December 1910, Toodyay, Western Australia, Australia). He married Eliza Selina Green (b. 9 January 1849, d.) on the 21st May 1872 at Toodyay, Western Australia, Australia. They had one child: Ruth
ClarksonMichael Thomas
Clarkson (b. June 1841 d. 1845)
Edward Ellis
Clarkson (b. February 1844 d. July 1865 at Dalby near Toodyay, Western Australia, Australia)
Sarah
Clarkson (b. 15 September 1846, Toodyay, Western Australia, Australia d. 27 July 1912 married Andrew Dempster ) (b. 21 February 1843,
Northam, Western Australia, Australia d. 6 March 1909,
Northam, Western Australia, Australia) on the 21st January 1891 at
Northam, WA).
In June 1871 Sarah married Frederick Mackie
Roe (b. 23 October 1843, Western Australia, Australia d. 27 May 1877 – buried East Perth Cemeteries).
They had a child Frederick William
Roe (b. 6 August 1874 d. 18 August 1942,
Northam, Western Australia, Australia)
William
Clarkson (b. December 1848 d. 1877,
Guildford, Western Australia, Australia)
Dr Barnard
Clarkson ?????