1. ROBERT & MARY LONG OF GRAYSTOWN

According to our kinsman, the late Ormonde Phillips [great-grandson of Samuel Phillips of Gaile House, Holycross, Co. Tipperary, by his wife, Caroline Anna Long], it had long been assumed that Colonel Richard Long of Longfield was the son of Captain Robert Long of the East India Co. And a brief pedigree on file at the Genealogical Office in Dublin lent credence to that false assumption.1 As a result of research undertaken ten years ago by the author and Ormonde Phillips, the true identities of Richard Long’s immediate predecessors have now been determined.

Our earliest known ancestor is Richard’s grandfather, Robert Long of Graystown, near Killenaule, County Tipperary. By 1698 A.D., Robert was already residing at Graystown with his wife Mary, who was apparently the daughter of Bartholomew Soame, of London,2 by his wife, Susanna, daughter of Richard Hutchinson, of London and of Knocklofty,3 Clonmel, County Tipperary.

Robert Long's name appears twice in an extract of the 1698 will of Edward Hutchinson, of Knocklofty. Edward was the son of the above mentioned Richard Hutchinson, and he named Robert Long as one of the executors of his will, and as one of the guardians of his two youngest children, Richard and Ann Hutchinson. Edward Hutchinson also left a small legacy of 20 Pounds “to his cousin, Mary Long, wife of Robert Long of Graystown, county Tipp.” 4 According to the Hutchinson pedigree, Edward Hutchinson’s sister, Susanna, married Batholomew Soame,5 and Burke’s Soame genealogy names Catherine, Susan and Mary as the daughters of Bartholomew Soame and Susanna Hutchinson.6 Therefore, Mary Soame was Edward's niece. However, 300 years ago, “cousin” also meant “next of kin,” or “niece” or “nephew.”7 Edward Hutchinson left a further 20 Pounds to Mary's sister, Susanna, wife of Thomas Millet of Priestown, County Tipperary.8 Although 20 Pounds Sterling doesn't seem like much of a legacy now, it was certainly worth a lot more back then.

The names of Robert Long's parents and siblings remain unknown, so it is somewhat comforting to know that his wife, Mary, had relatives in Tipperary - namely the Hutchinsons, Millets and Perrys.9 The exact nature of the kinship between the Longs and Elizabeth and John Perry, remains a mystery.

Robert and Mary Long were probably married circa 1695 A.D., possibly in London or County Suffolk, England, where her parents lived. Mary's birthdate isn't given in Burke's Soame of Thurlow genealogy. Since she was the youngest of three sisters and five brothers, she was probably born circa 1670, her second eldest brother, Bartholomew Soame Jr.,10 having been christened in London in 1661 A.D., according to the International Genealogical Index, published by the Mormon Church.

The Registry of Deeds in Dublin has recorded Irish land transactions since 1708 A.D., and the earliest Long deed or Memorial, as they are called in Ireland, is dated 1712 A.D., during the reign of Queen Anne. The Memorial involves a lease granted by Rebekah Prince to Robert Long of Graicetowne [another spelling of Graystown], for the sum of 1,900 Pounds and involving 479 Irish acres of land located in Tipperary.11 The Irish deeds make mention of the occupation or social rank of the parties involved. Robert Long is referred to as a “Gent” [gentleman], rather than an “Esquire,” thereby indicating that he belonged to the lower rank of the landed gentry of Ireland.

Nevertheless, as a member of the gentry, Robert Long was much better off than the vast majority of the population of Ireland. Probably born in either Ireland or England, between 1660 and 1670, he would have been in his prime at the beginning of the 18th Century. If he and Mary weren't living in Graystown Castle itself [the remains of which still stand], he would at least have been residing in a relatively large and comfortable house elsewhere on the lands of Graystown.

Persons mentioned in the Irish deeds sometimes turn out to be related to one or another of the parties involved in the transaction. The 1712 Long Memorial was witnessed by Robert and Mary Long's brother-in-law, Thomas Millet of Richardstowne and Priestowne, Tipperary. Thomas Millet is also designated as being a “Gent.” An extract of the 1709 will of John Perry of Woodroffe, Co. Tipperary, states: “Mr. Andrew Roe and Mr. Robert Long to settle any differences over Will.”12 This John Perry is probably the son of the John and Elizabeth Perry mentioned in Edward Hutchinson's will, wherein they are named as relatives. Also named in the Perry will is Mathew Jacob who was one of the parties involved in the aforementioned 1712 Long deed.

Robert and Mary had at least three children: Richard, James and Edward Long. It is likely they also had other children whose existence eludes us for lack of information. Robert Long died in 1712 A.D. soon after he had leased land from Mrs. Rebekah Prince. His will was proved that same year according to the “Index to Wills of Cashel and Emly.” 13 Because he failed to name an executor in his will, Mary Long was obliged to apply for Letters of Administration to enable her to act as Executrix.14 Had their eldest son, Richard Long, been an adult of legal age by 1712, then he rather than his mother would have acted as executor.

Therefore, Mary Long was left a widow in 1712, with children, all minors, the eldest probably in his teens by then. Hopefully, Mary was able to receive support, moral and otherwise if need be, from her Millet and Hutchinson relatives there in Tipperary. Without an active breadwinner, the fortunes of the Longs are certain to have diminished during this period.

The property leased from the Widow Prince would have produced some income for the Longs since, as was the custom then, they probably rented it all out to tenants. In addition, the Longs would have earned further income from the lands of Graystown. Although they probably did not own the Graystown lands, they would likely have had a long term lease on the property. Either Robert or his father would have leased Graystown in the latter part of the 17th Century. Since the Registry of Deeds did not come into being until 1708 A.D., records of earlier land transactions remain sketchy. However, later deeds sometimes refer to past transactions. A 1720 deed refers to “the lease which Mary Long of Graystowne aforesaid, Widow and Executrix of Robert Long, deceased, hath therein his right, be determined.”15 So Mary and her children could expect some further income from the Graystown properties.

NOTES:

1. Sadleir MS 576, p 141, Genealogical Ofiice, Dublin
2. A General & Heraldic History of the Extinct & Dormant Baronetcies (aka Burke's Extinct Baronetage), John Burke, London, 1843, p 497, “Soame of Thurlow”
3. The Diary and Letters of His Excellency, Thomas Hutchinson, Esq., vol.II, by Peter Orlando Hutchinson, 1886, p 497.
4. Ibid, pp 457-8.
5. The Diary ....of.....Thomas Hutchinson, Esq., vol. II, p 447.
6. Burke's Extinct Baronetage, p 497, “Soame of Thurlow”
7. Shorter Oxford English Dictionary, 1973, p 443: “Cousin” - “How now brother, where is my cosen your son?” - Much Ado About Nothing, I.ii.2.
8. The Diary ....of.....Thomas Hutchinson, Esq., vol. II, p 457.
9. Ibid, p 457.
10. Burke's Extinct Baronetage, p 497, “Soame of Thurlow”
11. Registry of Deeds, Henrietta St., Dublin, Book 9, p 8, Memorial 2937, 1712 A.D., “Prince et al to Long.”
12. Registry of Deeds, Dublin - Abstracts of Wills, 1956, vol. I, p 15, 1709 Will of John Perry.
13. Indexes To Irish Wills, 1913, Cashel & Emly Wills, vol. III, p 21.
14. Index to Administration Bonds, Cashel & Emly, vol. 3, 1644-1858, Public Record Office of Ireland.
15. RD, Mem. 17844, Book 28, p 346, 1720 A.D., “Roe & ors to Myhill.”



2. THE SOAMES OF THURLOW

When genealogy is one's passion, there exists no greater thrill than to roll back the pages of Time thus revealing the names of one's Ancestors. Whereas lack of information has brought us to a halt - a temporary one hopefully - in tracing the predecessors of Robert Long of Graystown, we face no such obstacle with his wife's family.

Mary Soame Long (d 1728) was the youngest daughter of Bartholomew Soame of London,1 by his wife, Susanna Hutchinson. Bartholomew earned his living as a dealer of woollen goods, and in later years, he retired to his estate at Little Thurlow in Suffolk, 2 England, about sixty miles northeast of London. Although Bartholomew Soame was a merchant, he hailed from a knightly family, being the seventh son of Sir William Soame (d 1655) of Little Thurlow.3 Sir William, in turn, was the son of Sir Stephen Soame, Lord Mayor of London in 1593. Sir Stephen died in 1619 at the age of 75, and is buried at Little Thurlow. His tombstone bears a lengthy inscription, part of which reads: “The said Sir Stephen, in his lifetime, re-edified and newly glazed the great North Window of the Cathedrall Church of St. Paul, in London.”4

Bartholomew Soame's mother was Bridget Barnham, third daughter and co-heir of Benedict Barnham,5 Sheriff of London in 1592, by his wife, Dorothea, daughter of Ambrose Smith of London, silkman to Queen Elizabeth I. Benedict Barnham died a wealthy man in 1598. The following is an account of what happened to his widow and children after his death: “Sir John Pakington married ........ the widow of Benedict Barnham, ....... who left her very rich, and that consideration, together with her youth and beauty, made it impossible for her to escape the addresses even of the greatest persons about the court; but Sir John was the only happy man who knew how to gain her ...... This lady had by her first husband four daughters, which were very young when they lost their father, and therefore needed a faithful friend to manage and improve their fortunes, in which capacity, Sir John acquitted himself so honourably, that they had ten thousand Pounds each for portion, an immense sum in those days.”6

As already stated, one of the wealthy heiresses, Bridget Barnham, married Sir William Soame and they were the grandparents of Mary Long of Graystown. Bridget's sister, Alice Barnham, married Sir Francis Bacon (1561-1626), philosopher, essayist and Lord Chancellor of England. Another Soame connection was the well-known 18th Century wit and writer, Soame Jenyns (1704-1787).7 His mother, Elizabeth Soame Jenyns, was a second cousin to Susanna Millet and Mary Long. Another of Bridget’s sisters, Elizabeth Barnham, married Mervin, 2nd Earl of Castlehaven (d 1631), and their daughter, Lady Frances Touchet, married the Hon. Richard Butler (d 1701) of Kilcash, brother of the 1st Duke of Ormonde (1610-1688).8 From the marriage of Lady Frances and Richard Butler descended the subsequent Earls and Marquesses of Ormonde,9 to whom the Longs were thus distantly related.10

It is interesting to note that among the Cromwellian Adventurers who were granted land in County Tipperary in 1658, was included one John Soame, who for 300 Pounds, became the owner of 666 Irish Plantation acres (equivalent to 1079 English acres) in the South-East Quarter of the Barony of Eliogarty,11 a division of County Tipperary, and located just to the north of Graystown. According to John Prendergast's Cromwellian Settlement of Ireland, three other members of the Soame Family of Thurlow had contributed toward the cost of raising money for Cromwell's invasion of Ireland.12 Now Mary Long had an uncle by the name of John Soame, which being a relatively uncommon surname, leads one to suspect that a member of her family owned, or had owned property, just ten miles north of Graystown, home of Robert and Mary Long.

NOTES:

1. Burke's Extinct Baronetage, p 497, “Soame of Thurlow”
2. Ibid, p 497. Little Thurlow was bequeathed to Bartholomew Soame by his nephew, Sir William Soame, 1st Baronet, of Little Thurlow
3. Ibid, p 496
4. Ibid, p 496; Sir Stephen Soame (1534-1619), was the 2nd son of Thomas Soame (d 1570), of Beltey, Norfolk, by his 1st wife, Anne, dau & heiress of Francis [or Thomas] Knighton, of Little Bradley, Suffolk, a descendant of King Alfred the Great (849-901) & of the Emperor Charlemagne (742-814)
5. Ibid, p 42, “Barnham of Boughton”
6. Ibid, p 397, “Pakington of Ailsbury”
7. Burke's Landed Gentry, 1863 edn, p 781, “Jenyns of Bottisham Hall”
8. The Dormant & Extinct Baronage of England, vol II, T.C. Banks, London, 1808, p 20, “Audley”
9. Burke’s Peerage, 1970 edn, pp 2047-50, “Ormonde”
10. Col. Richard Long (1740-1814) of Longfield was a 4th cousin to Walter Butler, 16th Earl of Ormonde (1703-1783)
11. The Cromwellian Settlement of Ireland, John Prendergast, Dublin, 1875, p 396
12. Ibid, p 404 - Sir Nathaniel Barnardiston (husband of Jane Soame), p 405 - Sir Thomas Soame, p 424 - Dame Elizabeth Soame



3. RICHARD LONG OF GRAFFING & JAMES LONG OF TULLAGH

Mary Soame Long departed this life circa 1728 A.D., the same year in which her eldest son Richard, was granted administration of her estate.1 By then, all of her children were adults, or at least teenagers. It appears that the Longs no longer resided at Graystown after Mary's death. The eldest son, Richard Long, had struck out on his own, and a 1726 deed has him living at Killough,2 north of Templemore, Tipperary, and several miles north of Graystown. The 1726 deed states that Richard leased the lands of Graffing just a few miles from Killough. Unfortunately, he was not able to enjoy the use of the lands of Graffing for any great length of time since a 1732 deed3 relates that Richard Long had died by then.

The 1732 deed states that James Long was now the lessee of Graffing, being the brother and heir of Richard Long, deceased. Since James was Richard's heir, it would indicate that Richard had died unmarried, otherwise his widow would certainly have been named in the deed. James now leased the lands of Graffing to Edward Long, for the sum of 400 Pounds Sterling. The Memorial of the deed designates the two younger brothers as follows: “James Long of Tullow in the County of Tipp., Gent, of the one part, Edward Long of Lacken, in the said County, Gent, of the other part.”

Tullow, also spelt as “Tullagh,” is a property located in South Tipperary near the River Tar and a few miles south of the Village of Ardfinnan. The Lacken property is located beside the River Suir, just a few miles north of Tullow, and just south of Ardfinnan. James and Edward now lived so close they could visit each other easily. Five or six miles to the northeast of Tullow and Lacken, stood Knocklofty House, home of the Hutchinson Family. The Long brothers had moved right down into the same neck of the woods as their Hutchinson cousins.

Both James and Edward were now adults and now made land transactions in their own names. In fact, James must have reached the age of 21 by the year 1726 or before, since an earlier Long Deed entitled “Long to Downing,”4 has James Long of Raheen renting out the lands of Kilgrogy and part of Tullow to Thomas Downing in 1726 A.D. Mention is made of “Robert Carlton, Gent, Deceased,” and subsequent Long deeds document the fact that James Long was married to Ann Carleton, daughter of the late Robert Carleton of Clonmel.5

James and Ann were married by the year 1726, as demonstrated by information gleaned from the “Long to Downing” Deed, plus property documents included amongst the “Clutterbuck Papers.”6 Raheen was a property that apparently lay adjacent to the lands of Kilgrogy and Tullagh. “The Clutterbuck Papers” reveal that Ann Long had inherited these properties through her late brother, Heath Carleton, who in turn had inherited them from their late father, Robert Carleton, brother to Phillip and Richard Carleton, who had both served as mayors of Clonmel.

A 1746 deed7 reveals that James Long enjoyed joint legal authority over certain Carleton lands, obviously in the right of his wife. Like his father before him, James had married well, thus ensuring himself of continued membership in the ranks of the landed gentry. In 1754, James and Ann leased Kilgrogy, the property next door to theirs, to Thomas Clutterbuck,8 thus gaining a good friend and neighbor for the Long Family, as future chapters will tell. Sadly, James and Ann did not have any children. James Long died circa 1758 and Ann passed away the following year.9

NOTES:

1. “Richard Long of Graffing” - Index to Admin Bonds - see Notes, Chapter 1, #11
2. RD, Mem. 49414, Book 53, p 110, 1720 A.D., “Bunbury et al to Long”
3. Ibid, Mem. 49414, Book 69, p 501, 1732 A.D. “Long to Long”
4. Ibid, Mem. 32082, Book 50, p 58, 1726 A.D., “Long to Downing”
5. BLG, 1871 edn, “Carleton of Clare,” p 300
6. “Clutterbuck Family Papers” - Files M5454(54) & M5454(55) - Public Record Office of Ireland, Dublin
7. RD, Mem. 84210, Book 125, p 37, 1746 A.D., “Tinison & wife to Long & wife”
8. “Clutterbuck Papers,” Public Record Office of Ireland
9. “Index to Admin Bonds of Waterford,” Public Record Office of Ireland: “Ann Long, widow, deceased, Cahir Abbey, 1759”



4. EDWARD & ELIZABETH LONG OF LACKEN AND CAHIR ABBEY

Once again, the Registry of Deeds comes to the rescue by providing genealogical data. A 1759 deed states that Edward Long of Cahir Abbey, and his eldest son Robert, had granted Thomas Clutterbuck a perpetual lease on the lands of Tullagh and Kilgrogy.1 No mention is made of either James or Ann Long. However, a 1761 deed provides clarification: “Edward Long of Cahir Abbey in the County of Tipperary, Gentleman, Brother and Heir at law of James Long, late of Tullaghlargy in the said County, Gentleman, deceased.”2

Edward Long was now the eldest and only known surviving son of Robert and Mary Long, both Richard and James having predeceased him and neither having had children. As previously stated, Edward made his first “solo” appearance in the Registry of Deeds in a 1732 Memorial, wherein we learn that he was already residing at Lacken House, which still stands today. A 1742 deed refers to Edward's brother and parents: “James Long of Tullow in the County of Tipperary and Edward Long of Lacken in the County of Tipperary, Gentlemen, Executors of Mary Long, widoow, who was widoow, relict and Executrix of Robert Long late of Graystown in the said County, Gentleman, deceased.”3 The other party in the Deed has a familiar name: Mathew Jacob of Mobarnane, son of the Mathew Jacob of St. Johnstown 4 mentioned in the 1712 deed. Two witnesses to the Deed also have familar names: John Perry of Woodrooffe and Richard Millet of Kile - both of them belonging to families related to the Longs.

As to how and why Edward came to be living at Lacken House, a 1743 deed, “Hutchinson to Long,” supplies some answers: “Richard Hutchinson of Knocklofty in the County of Tipperary, Esquire, of the one part, and Edward Long of Lackenmackeoris in said County, Gentleman, of the other part, whereby the said Richard Hutchinson did ..... Grant ..... unto the said Edward Long ..... the Town and land of Lackenmackeoris ..... containing 158 acres ..... profittable land, Plantation measure ..... Situate lying and being in the Barony of Iffa and Offa and County of Tipperary aforesaid, To have and to hold unto the said Demised ..... unto the said Edward Long his heirs and assignees for and during the Natural life and lives of said Edward Long the lessee, and Elizabeth Long otherwise Mauzee his Wife, and Richard Hutchinson Long, second son of the said Edward and Elizabeth ..... in which lease is contained a covenant for perpetual renewal.”5

Edward Long had leased the Lacken property from his mother's first cousin, Richard Hutchinson of Knocklofty. Furthermore, Edward had married his own second cousin, Elizabeth Mauzee [also spelt “Mauzy”], who was the niece of Richard Hutchinson. In honour of the family connection, Edward and Elizabeth had named their younger son, Richard Hutchinson Long. A Betham will extract advises that Elizabeth Long was the sister of Lewis Mauzy Jr. who died in Dublin in 1779: “Mauzey, Lewis, Barrack St., Dublin, Gent - Elizabeth Long otherwise Mauzey, Widow, the Sister. Administration Date 1st day of Dec. 1779.”6 Elizabeth and Lewis were the children of Dr. Lewis Mauzy, by his wife, Ann Hutchinson, sister of Richard Hutchinson of Knocklofty.7

Because of the lack of birth and baptismal records, one can only estimate as to when our 18th Century ancestors were born. Edward Long was probably born at Graystown circa 1705 and his wife, Elizabeth Mauzy, circa 1710-15 A.D. Most likely they were married about 1735, and they definitely made their matrimonial home at Lacken House. Four of their children survived to adulthood although it is likely they had other children who died young as a result of the high infant mortality rates prevalent in those days.

Traditional Irish and British naming customs called for the eldest son to be named after his father's father. Accordingly, Edward and Elizabeth's eldest son, Robert Long, was named after his paternal grandfather, Robert Long of Graystown. Robert was born circa 1736 or 37, and upon reaching the age of majority, he became party to his first property deed in 1759, as already mentioned.

Had traditional naming practices been followed, then Edward and Elizabeth's second son would have been named Lewis Long, after Elizabeth's father, Dr. Lewis Mauzy. Quite possibly there was a son so named who died in infancy. In any event, Edward and Elizabeth's second surviving son, Richard Hutchinson Long, was named in honor of both sides of the family: his mother's prominent uncle, Richard Hutchinson (d 1757), and his father's eldest brother, Richard Long (d circa 1732). Richard Hutchinson Long was born in 1740 or 1741, as determined by the inscription on his tombstone at the Ardmayle Church Cemetery - it states that Richard died in 1814 in the 74th year of his age. The previously mentioned 1743 “Hutchinson to Long”deed confirms that Richard had already been born by then. A 1772 deed documents family relationships: “the Lives and life of the said Edward Long, Robert Long his eldest son and Richard Long his second son.” 8

Edward and Elizabeth's eldest daughter was Anna Maria Long, probably born circa 1750, and named after both of her Grandmothers: Ann Hutchinson Mauzy and Mary Soame Long. Jane Long, the younger daughter, was probably born circa 1755, and was named after her mother's sister, Jane Mauzy.

The Long Family moved north to Caher Abbey circa 1760, although they continued to hold on to their long term lease on the Lacken property. Edward Long leased the 232 acre Caher Abbey property from William Austen, according to a 1761 Long deed.9 By 1771, Edward was on the move again, as confirmed by a 1771 Deed which states: “Edward Long now of the City of Corke but late of Cahir Abbey.”10 As to his reasons for moving down to the coastal city of Cork, later chapters will tell.

Edward Long died at Cork in 1773 according to an index to Irish wills.11 Unfortunately, as is the case with most old Irish wills, Edward's will no longer exists. A 1775 deed confirms his 1773 death at Cork: “Reciting that whereas Edward Long of the City of Cork, Gentleman, lately Deceased, did by his last Will and Testament, Give Devise and Bequeath all of his right Title and Interest of in and to the Lands of Lacken ........ unto his wife Elizabeth Long, and his two daughters, Anna Maria and Jane Long.”12

After Edward's death, Elizabeth Long and her younger daughter Jane, eventually moved back to Tipperary, to Clonmel where she died circa 1799 as indicated by the Index to Prerogative Wills of Ireland, which advises that her will was probated and proved in 1799 A.D. A very brief Betham Will extract states: “Elizabeth Long, Widow, Clonmel. [Will] signed 22 Feb 1784, [Will] proved 24 April 1799. Son - Richard Long.” 13

NOTES:

1. RD, Mem. 134101, Book 201, p 500, 1759, “Long & others to Clutterbuck”
2. Ibid, Mem. 141164, Book 213, p 295, 1761, “Meheux to Long”
3. Ibid, Mem. 76106, Book 110, p 143, 1742, “Long & Another to Jacob”
4. The Irish Genealogist, vol.4, #2, Oct 1969, p 85, “...Mathew Jacob...”
5. Ibid, Mem. 144443, Book 218, p 481, dated 1743; registered 1762, “Hutchinson to Long”
6. Betham Genealogical Extracts, Series 2, 1765-86 A.D., vol 36, #279--174, p 101, Extract from the Will of Lewis Mauzey.
7. The Diary of Thomas Hutchinson, Esq., vol. II, p 458.
8. RD, Mem. 193222, Book 291, p 636, 1772 A.D., “Long to Fennell”
9. RD, Mem. 141181, Book 211, p 505, 1761 A.D., “Austen to Long”
10. RD, Mem. 185736, Book 283, p 484, 1771 A.D., “Long to Beere”
11. Indexes to Irish Wills, 1913, Waterford & Lismore Wills, vol. III, p 61.
12. RD, Mem. 215978, Book 318, p 322, 1775 A.D., “Ryan to Long”
13. “Betham Will Extracts,” Public Record Office of Ireland; Further specifics unavailable. Of interest, re Index to Prerog Wills of Ireland, p 290, will of Elizabeth Long, spinster, of Cahir, Co. Tipp., proved in 1806. Was she of our our Long Family?



5. THE HUTCHINSONS OF KNOCKLOFTY

Since Richard Hutchinson Long's parents were both descended from the Hutchinsons of Knocklofty, therefore our Hutchinson ancestry assumes greater significance than it otherwise would. Furthermore, the Longs' double descent from the Hutchinsons provides us with surprising though distant connections to some very famous people. Fortunately, The New England Historical & Genealogical Register contains a well documented article on the early Hutchinsons.

John Hutchinson (1515-65) of the City of Lincoln, England, is the earliest known ancestor of this family.1 He served twice as Mayor of Lincoln, in 1556 and again in 1564 and 65, until the time of his death on May the 24th, 1565 A.D. By his second wife, Anne, John Hutchinson was the father of Edward Hutchinson (b 1564; d 1631 or ‘32), businessman, of Alford, Lincolnshire.2

By his wife, Susanna, maiden name unknown, Edward had eleven children, all baptised at Alford. Their eldest son and heir, William Hutchinson (1586-1642), married Anne Marbury, and in 1634, they departed for New England, taking with them their children and William's widowed mother, Susanna.3 William and Anne Hutchinson are the ancestors of Presidents Franklin Delano Roosevelt and George Bush,4 Hon. Pamela Harriman, diplomat, Erskine Hamilton Childers, President of Ireland, 1973-74, Louis Stanton Auchincloss, novelist,5 step-brother of Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy Onassis, and most likely, Marilyn Monroe.6

The fifth son of Edward and Susanna Hutchinson of Alford, was Richard Hutchinson (1597-1670), of London,7 Merchant and Ironmonger. According to Thomas Hutchinson (1711-1780), last colonial governor of Massachusetts, Richard Hutchinson's “increasing wealth, whilst he was a member of the Ironmongers' Company, in spite of his losses in the great fire of London in 1666, enabled him to acquire many estates both in England and Ireland.”8

Richard Hutchinson's will was proved in 1670, and amongst those mentioned in the will were his widow Mary, his son-in-law, Bartholomew Soame, and his eldest son, Edward Hutchinson, “who inherited his father's lands in the counties of Norfolk and Lincoln, as well as in Ireland, being apparently already in possession of the latter.”9

As a young man, Edward Hutchinson (1632-1699), Richard's eldest son and heir, went over to Ireland to manage his father's estates there, and we find him living in the Town of Clonmel in 1661.10 Edward was married to Ann Batty, daughter of Thomas Batty, 11 Mayor of Clonmel in 1659,12 who had become a major property owner there by 1666.13 According to the History of Clonmel, “the Battys appear to have been soldiers in the army of Cromwell.”14

Governor Thomas Hutchinson's Diary includes an extract of Edward Hutchinson's will, plus baptismal and burial data. Here follows the entire extract: “Edward Hutchinson, bap. 1632, Richard's heir. His Will is dated Jan. 19, 1698. He desires that no more than 50 Pounds be spent on his funeral. He leaves 50 Pounds to his sister Elizabeth, wife of Peter Gray of London, Merchant, if she survives him a year. to his sister Ann, wife of John Holland,15 50 Pounds, or if dead, to her children. To his eldest daughter Elizabeth, wife of Francis Vaughan, of Ballyboe, co. Tipp., M.D., 100 Pounds, to be paid Nov. 1, 1701: another 100 Pounds Nov. 1, 1702: and another 100 Pounds Nov. 1, 1703, to which certain arrangements are attached, and conditions specified. His kinsman John Perry of Newcastle, co. Tipp., is continued as manager of his estates, at the same allowance as heretofore; and Edward leaves him a legacy of 100 Pounds. To his kinswoman Elizabeth, wife of J. Perry, 30 shillings to buy a ring. To his brother-in-law Thomas Batty, of Clonmel, 50 Pounds. To his cousin Mary Long, wife of Robert Long of Graystown, co. Tipp. 20 Pounds. To his cousin Susanna, wife of Thomas Millet of Priestowne, co. Tipp. 20 Pounds. All debts owing to him by his poor tenants at the time of his death, who may not have two cows in the world, he cancels. All his arrangements touching the affairs of his youngest daughter Ann H., and his son and heir apparent Richard H. to be settled as soon as possible, and he makes the said Richard residuary legatee. appoints T. Batty, J. Perry, Dr. F. Vaughan, and R. Long, Executors, and also guardians of Richard and Ann till they are 24. Apparently by an after-thought, he leaves Hugh Rich 5 Pounds. Witnessed by N. Lucas, Phin. Ryall, and James Keating. Edward died July 8, 1699. See tombstone at Clonmel. Ann his wife died Nov. 30, 1682. See other stone at Clonmel.”16

Edward and Ann Hutchinson resided in Clonmel and on their estate at Knocklofty, on the banks of the River Suir, about five or six miles southwest of Clonmel. They had three children who survived to adulthood: Richard, heir to his father's estates; Elizabeth, ancestress of the Earls of Donoughmore; and Ann, who married Dr. Lewis Mauzy, parents of Lewis Mauzy Jr. and Elizabeth Mauzy Long.

Richard Hutchinson, only son of Edward and Ann, married in 1705, Christian, daughter of Thomas Moore of Barne, near Clonmel.17 Although they had no children, they did have a happy marriage, as witnessed by a tablet that can be found in the porch of St. Mary's Protestant Church in Clonmel: “Here rests the dear remains of Mrs. Christian Hutchinson, Daughter of Thomas Moore, Esqr. Late of Barne, and Wife of Richard Hutchinson of Knocklofty. This tomb is erected by her surveiving Husband in Token of Her Ever Dear and true affecting Remembrance of 22 years.”18 Richard survived her for thirty lonely years.

By the mid 1730s, Edward and Elizabeth Long were living at Lacken, just a few miles from Knocklofty, so Richard Hutchinson had at least a few close relatives living nearby. By 1740, he also had a great-nephew named after him, Richard Hutchinson Long. Nevertheless, as it turned out, he seemed to favor the family of his sister Elizabeth Hodson over that of his sister Ann Mauzy, for by his will of August 4, 1757, he named his heir: Christian Hely-Hutchinson.19 Christian was probably named after her great-aunt, Christian Moore Hutchinson (d 1727). She was the daughter of Abraham Nickson of Munny,20 co. Wicklow, by his wife, Mary, daughter of Lorenzo Hodson of Coolkenno, co. Wicklow, by his wife, Elizabeth,21 elder daughter of Edward Hutchinson and sister of Richard Hutchinson of Knocklofty.22

In 1751, Christian Nickson married the Right Hon. John Hely,23 Secretary of State for Ireland, and upon their marriage, they assumed the additional surname of Hutchinson. In 1783, Christian was created Baroness Donoughmore of Knocklofty (d 1788),24 and from her, descend the Earls of Donoughmore and H.R.H. Katharine, Duchess of Kent. Lady Donoughmore was a second cousin to Richard Hutchinson Long (1740-1814) of Longfield.

A phrase in one of Richard’s obituaries seems to point to his Hutchinson descent (although it could also refer to the Moores of Barne): “he had beside the advantage of being connected with a family, one of the oldest and most respectable, as well as most respected stocks in the country.”25

NOTES:

1. The New England Historical & Genealogical Register, 1866, Boston, vol XX, p 357, “Hutchinson Family”
2. The New York Genealogical & Biographical Record, 1914, vol XLV, p 165, “Hutchinson Ancestry ...”
3. The Diary of Thomas Hutchinson, Esq., London, 1886, vol II, pp 460-1.
4. Ancestors of American Presidents, by Gary Boyd Roberts, Carl Boyer, 3rd, Santa Clarita, California, 1989, p 239.
5. NEXUS, vol XII, No. 6, Dec 1995, pp 210-211, “Notable Kin”
6. NEXUS, vol VII, No. 2, 1990, pp 64-8, “Notable Kin”: “Marilyn Monroe”
7. New England.....Register, 1866, Boston, vol 20, pp 361-2.
8. Diary of Thomas Hutchinson, Esq., p 457.
9. New England ..... Register, 1866, vol XX, p 362, “Hutchinson Family”
10. History of Clonmel, by The Very Rev Wm. P. Canon Burke, 1983, Kilkenny, Ireland, p 248.
11. Ibid, pp 326-7 - Will of Edward Batty [brother of Thomas Batty Sr.]; Diary...of....Thomas Hutchinson, Esq., pp 57-8.
12. History of Clonmel, p 230.
13. Ibid, p 260.
14. Ibid, p 327.
15. History of Clonmel, p 332. List of Clonmel Wills includes 1700 A.D. Will of John Holland who may have been Edward Hutchinson's brother-in-law.
16. Diary of Thos Hutchinson, Esq., pp 457-8.
17. History of Clonmel, pp 335-6.
18. Ibid, p 336.
19. Diary of Thos Hutchinson, p 459; & BP, 1970 edn, p 819, “Earls of Donoughmore”
20. BLGI, 1958, p 253, “Chaine-Nickson of Munny”
21. Elizabeth, daughter of Edward & Ann Hutchinson, m 1st, Dr. Francis Vaughan; Elizabeth m 2ndly Lorenzo Hodson
22. The Complete Peerage, G. E. Cockayne, 1982, vol IV, p 400, “Donoughmore of Knocklofty”
23. RD, Mem. 99431, Book 143, p 563, 1751, “Hutchinson & another to Weekes & another”
24. The Complete Peerage, vol IV, p 401.
25. Saunder's Newsletter & Daily Advertiser, Fri., July 8, 1814; see Chapter 16.




6. THE MAUZY CONNECTION

Despite the fact that Richard Hutchinson bequeathed “the rest and residue of his personal estate and fortune to his beloved [great-]niece, Christian Hely-Hutchinson,” 1 he did not leave his widowed sister, Ann Mauzy, completely out in the cold. On that same day as he made out his will in 1757, he executed a deed involving his estate of 10,952 Pounds, and from that amount, his sister Ann and her son Lewis Mauzy agreed to accept 4,000 Pounds in lieu of all demands.2

Ann Hutchinson was born circa 1680 and married Dr. Lewis Mauzy circa 1705. “MAUZY” is definitely a French Huguenot name and is included in lists of surnames of Huguenots who fled to Ireland after King Louis XIV revoked the Edict of Nantes in 1685, 3 thus expelling the Protestants from France. As many as 400,000 Huguenots fled France for England, Holland, Ireland and America. Several thousand settled in Ireland, especially in Dublin, but also in the City of Waterford, about forty or fifty miles southeast of Clonmel.

In France, the Mauzy Family “resided chiefly in an area bounded on the north by Loudon, on the east by Poitiers, and on the south and west by the coastal cities of Rocheford and La Rochelle,”4 in the heart of Huguenot country. “The focal point was the village of Mauze-sur-le-Mignon, in Aunis, about twenty miles east of La Rochelle. Here the medieval Mauze castle is still standing in excellent condition.”5

The Mauzy Family must have been of some importance in the French province of Aunis, since, contrary to the ordinary custom of a family being named after a place, the Village of Mauze-sur-le-Mignon was named after the family who resided there in great numbers. “Mauzy” is spelt in many ways: Mauzey, Mauzee, Mozzie, Mozee, etc.6 It is a rather rare French name and one cannot help but think of “Moshe,” the Hebrew word for Moses. Perhaps the Mauzys were originally Jewish, and, as happened way back then, were forced to convert to Christianity.

Dr. Lewis Mauzy's parentage remains unknown. However, we do know that he came to Ireland and attended Trinity College Dublin where he earned his Bachelor of Medicine degree in 1699 A.D.7 Lewis and Ann Mauzy had five known children: Lewis Mauzy Jr. (birthdate unknown), Elizabeth (b circa 1710-15), and three other daughters all born in Barnstaple, Devon, England: Anne, christened 1711; Jane, christened 1712; and Mary, christened in 1718.8 Dr. Mauzy and Ann Hutchinson must have met in either Clonmel or the City of Waterford, with its large Huguenot community.

They evidently lived in Devon, England for several years, and a 1759 deed9 confirms that: “Deeds of Lease ...... between Ann Mauzy of the City of Waterford, widow & Relict of Lewis Mauzy, Esquire, Doctor in Physick, late of the City of Exeter [in Devon], deceased, and Lewis Mauzy, Eldest son .... of the first part, John Hely-Hutchinson ...... of the second part.” The deed goes on to recite part of the 1698 will of Ann Mauzy's father, Edward Hutchinson, and names several parties to his will, including Mathew Jacob, Andrew Roe, John Perry, Thomas Batty, Francis Vaughan [first husband of Elizabeth Hutchinson], John Carleton, William Lathum, and of course, Robert Long of Gracetown. The deed continues by reciting the marriage settlement of Richard Hutchinson's designated heir and great-niece, Christian Nickson and her intended husband, John Hely, the third party to the settlement being Edward Long of Lacken.

The 1759 deed points out that Ann had never received either her marriage dowry or her share of her father's fortune, which had been inherited by his son Richard. Although Richard had finally set things right and had willed 4,000 Pounds to his sister Ann in 1757, the year he died, she still had not received her inheritance two years later in 1759 by which time she was already an elderly woman.

As already mentioned, the Hutchinson estates were inherited by a granddaughter of Richard's and Ann's sister Elizabeth. Finally in 1759, the granddaughter and her husband, namely Christian and John Hely-Hutchinson, carried out the terms of Richard Hutchinson's will, and as a result, Ann Mauzy and her son Lewis finally obtained her inheritance of 4,000 Pounds.

A previous 1752 Mauzy deed10 relates to similar financial concerns and also provides some genealogical data. In 1752, Lewis Mauzy Jr. was residing in Clonmel and his widowed mother Ann was living over in the City of Waterford at the home of her son-in-law, John Bryan. So one of Elizabeth Long's sisters - we don't know which one - was also living in Ireland. One can imagine that Edward and Elizabeth Long and their children were thus able to visit her brother Lewis with frequency so long as he lived as close as Clonmel. Perhaps once or twice a year, they were all able to travel down to Waterford to visit Elizabeth's sister, Mrs. John Bryan, and their mother, Ann Mauzy.

Lewis Mauzy Jr. died in Dublin in 1779 and as indicated in the extract of his will included in Chapter 4, his sister Elizabeth Long appears to have been his only heir. Therefore, one is inclined to believe that their sister and her husband, John Bryan, had died without issue, and that the other two Mauzy sisters had either died young, or if married, had died childless. The last Mauzy, Elizabeth Long, died at Clonmel in 1799 A.D. Since in all likelihood, Elizabeth was her brother's sole heir, she would therefore have inherited his entire fortune, thus improving the fortunes of the Long Family. It's pleasantly surprising to learn that we have all inherited a few drops of French Huguenot blood from our Mauzy ancestors. The author's Grandmother, Florence Cordelia Long Howe, knew she was part French, though she didn't know exactly how. Now we do.

NOTES:
1. Diary of Thos Hutchinson, p 459
2. Ibid, p 459
3. Irish Pedigrees, John O'Hart, 1976, vol II, p 474 & p 492
4. Publications of the Huguenot Society of London, volumes I-Xl, 1885-1940
5. History of Huguenot Emigration to America, vol I, pp 263, 296 & 299
6. Peter Mauzy . Ancestors . Descendants, Ben B. Mozee, 1976, Albuquerque, N.M., Intro., p i.
7. Alumni Dublinenses, p 566
8. International Genealogical Index, p 24412, for Devon, England
9. RD, Mem. 132921, Book 202, p 29, 1759, “Mauzy to Hobson”
10. Ibid, Mem. 105454, Book 158, p 187, 1752, “Mauzy & son to Lane”



7. ROBERT & RICHARD LONG IN INDIA

Florence Long Howe told her children that some of her Long ancestors had gone to India from Ireland, and members of other branches of the Long Family recall having heard a similar story of the past. Now with the help of information obtained from the records of the East India Company and elsewhere, we can begin to reconstruct an outline of what really happened back then.

Edward and Elizabeth Long had two sons: Robert and Richard. Robert (b circa 1737) must have joined the military in the 1750s, since by April 1762, he had made his way through the ranks and had obtained his first command, as a lieutenant with the 83rd Regiment of Foot,1 previously known as the County of Dublin Regiment. In the following year of 1763, the 83rd Regiment was disbanded and Robert returned to civilian life.

A 1768 deed involving a mortgage made by Edward and Robert Long to Alice Quin refers to Robert thus: “Robert Long late of Cahir Abbey ..... but now of Great Britain.”2 As to why Robert had crossed over to Britain, the records of The East India Co. state that Robert Long had transferred from His Majesty's Service, and on December 13, 1769, he was appointed in England, as a captain for the Madras Infantry of the East India Co.3

Richard Hutchinson Long also joined the East India Co., in 1769, entering the ranks of its Bengal army as a lowly cadet4 at the very mature age of 29. Cadets were almost always in their teens or age 21 at the most, so why would Richard have wanted to undergo such a potentially humiliating experience? As to how he managed to convince the company directors to accept him, it's my hunch that Edward Long used influence to ensure his sons' admittance into the East India Co. He may have appealed directly to Sir Eyre Coote (1726-83), who had commanded the Bengal Army, and who was later promoted to Commander-in-Chief of the Indian Army.5 Sir Eyre Coote, born and raised near Limerick, Ireland, had two cousins, Mary and Eleanor Coote, who were married to two brothers: Mary to Guy Moore of Abbey, Tipperary, and her sister Eleanor, to Robert Moore of Ardmayle, Tipperary.6 There was also a marital connection since Guy and Robert Moore's sister Christian,7 had been the wife of Elizabeth Long's uncle, Richard Hutchinson (d 1757). As we shall eventually discover, the Coote Family were to play a minor role in the later history of the Longs of Longfield.

A question also arises in regard to Robert, since it was usually the custom then for only younger sons to go off to India. Now, Edward's only two sons would both be sailing to the far side of the Earth and would be gone from home for many years. What would have possessed Edward to allow this to occur? Surely Elizabeth must have been worried sick that something dreadful might happen to her two boys, knowing full well that European soldiers in India suffered appalling losses from disease.8

By the 1760s, all of Ireland and Britain must have heard of the fortunes to be made in India. Although relatively well off, Edward Long was of the minor gentry and he would have been sorely tempted to see his family's fortunes greatly improved. He took a gamble and decided to have both his sons join the East India Co., which held a monopoly on trade
in India. Doubtless Robert and Richard had their say regarding their proposed destiny and it's likely they didn't need much encouragement from their father.

A book entitled East India Fortunes reports that “young men were recruited in Britain,” and they “came to Bengal in the hope of making a fortune.”9 Although East India Fortunes focuses on Bengal, a similar situation prevailed in southern India along the Coromandel Coast to which Robert was headed. East India Fortunes advises that “For the most part of the 18th Century, virtually all the civil servants were also private merchants, while many army officers ..... traded.”10 “The Directors of the East India Co. promoted successful private trading by its employees.” “Freedom of trade ..... would enable the servants [i.e: employees of the East India Co.] to earn fortunes which cost the Company nothing; while at the same time it would turn the English settlements [in India] into thriving ports from which the Company could collect a large revenue in customs and taxation.”11

Hopefully Robert and Richard were able to sail to India on the same ship at the same time. Once they arrived there, Robert would have disembarked at Madras whereas Richard would have continued sailing for a further 1,000 miles up the coast to Calcutta. Robert arrived at Madras no later than March 1770, as indicated by an East India Co. document dated March 23rd, 1770, at Fort St. George, Madras; the record states that the newly arrived officers included Captain Robert Long.12 More than two years went by, and in September, 1772, Robert was permitted to proceed to Bengal,13 possibly to visit his brother Richard.

The Company records make no further mention of Richard until 1773, by which time, he had made the rank of lieutenant.14 During that same year, their father died at Cork and news of his death would have taken several months to reach them. As to why Edward Long had moved to the coastal city of Cork, it has been suggested that he had “stationed” himself there in Cork, in anticipation of being able to head down to the harbor to greet the newly arrived ships and claim the rich rewards his sons had sent from India.

East India Co. employees were permitted to ship their own goods to Europe on company ships or foreign vessels.15 Sadly, Edward's untimely demise prevented him from fulfilling his goal, and therefore his wife and daughters were left to fend for themselves. In 1775, Anna Maria Long married the Reverend William Ryan of Kilvemnon and Cashel, County Tipperary,16 thereby leaving Elizabeth and Jane on their own in Cork.

We can well imagine how distraught Robert and Richard must have felt, knowing that they were completely unable to console and assist their widowed mother from thousands of miles away. It would have been very tempting for one of them to ask permission to be granted a leave of absence to return to Ireland, and a 1777 Long deed indicates exactly that: “Thomas Tothall maketh oath that he saw ..... the said Robert Long duly execute the above Memorial.” “Sworn before me this 23rd Day of December 1777.”17 Therefore, Robert signed a document in Tipperary just before Christmas in 1777. An undated extract from Madras Dispatches, covering the period from January 1778 to October 1779 states: “Fort St. George, Madras. Captain Robert Long, Lieutenant Basil Monteith, ......... have our permission to return to their respective Ranks in the Military at your Presidency.” 18 Thus Robert returned to India sometime in 1778 or 1779.

Romance is often a cure for sorrow, and it would appear that Richard had partaken of that medicine, since we find him in Calcutta in February 1777, presiding over the baptism of his natural daughter, Anna Maria Long.19 Now in England there still exists a portrait of Anna Maria, and an inscription on the back of the painting states that her baptismal sponsors were Sir John Forbes and “Robert Long, banker in Calcutta.” Robert was stationed in Madras, not Calcutta, so he must have gone to visit Richard and attend his niece's baptism before heading home to Ireland. As to a possible banking career for Robert while still engaged in the military, East India Fortunes raises no objections, simply stating that the “British and Europeans also got into the lending business.”20

The inscription on the back of Anna Maria's portrait was made in 1852 by one of her sons, Richard Long Battersby, and part of what he wrote remains controversial. He stated that Anna Maria was the daughter of Richard Long, Resident Ambassador from England to the Court of the Rajah of Arcot. Furthermore, he wrote that Richard Long had married the Rajah's daughter, Princess Hedjeba, and that Anna Maria had been their sole issue. No evidence has been found to prove that they did get married, or that Hedjeba was the Rajah's daughter. Moreover, Richard was stationed up north in Bengal, whereas it was Robert who was stationed down at Madras near Arcot. It was common practice back then for East India army officers to have mistresses, and Anna Maria's baptismal record does state she was illegitimate. It has been conjectured that the whole story was fabricated by the family so as to draw a veil over the shadow of her illegitimacy, and thus enable her to marry well in Ireland.

In September 1777, Richard was to be found back on the job commanding two companies of military sepoys - Indian soldiers - at Burdwan, north of Calcutta.21 Nothing further is heard of Robert until 1779, when he is recorded as having been in command of a Battalion of sepoys.22 In October 1780, Richard was promoted to the rank of captain,23 and in August 1781, it is reported that Captain Long was commanding 1,200 men as a bodyguard to the Rajah of Burdwan.24

East India Fortunes advises that “once the East India Co. took control of Burdwan in 1760, army officers were thus given new opportunities for trade in the extremely rich district of Burdwan.” 25 “In the 18th Century, textiles, cotton and silk were the most valuable items in Bengal's trade with other parts of Asia, and with Europe.” Also, Bengal goods were cheap and abundant.26 Richard certainly found himself stationed in the right place at the right time, and now he was in close contact with the rajahs of Burdwan, who are known to have given lavish presents and large sums of money to the company residents and army officers stationed in their realm.27 Therefore, it seems almost certain that Richard Long did benefit financially while in the service of Burdwan's royal family.

Captain Robert Long's name appears on the lists of military officers in Coromandel for the years 1772 through to 1782. His name last appears November 7th, 1782, as “Major Long,” with his name crossed out, and with the remark, “England” written into the record.28 So in November 1782, Robert prepared to leave India after twelve years of service. Meanwhile, Richard had fallen seriously ill, and in January 1783, Richard wrote to his Commander-in-Chief, Brigadier General Stibbert:

“Sir, I have now the honour to enclose a Certificate from the Surgeon General by which you will be informed of the unhappy Situation which obliges me to resign the Service at this Period, and proceed to Europe for the recovery of my health. The Ship on which I propose taking my passage will leave Bengal in a few days and it being Doctor Campbell's opinion that I should put to Sea as soon as possible, I shall esteem it a very particular favour conferred on me if you will be pleased to lay my resignation before the Honourable Governor General and Council as soon as Convenient.
I have the Honor to be your humble and most obedient Servant.
R I C H A R D L O N G
Captain commanding the H.T.
of the RAJAH of BURDWAN.”29

Richard enclosed a letter from the Surgeon General:
“This is to certify that Captain Richard Long has laboured under an extreme bad state of health for a long time past, and that his disorders are now become so dangerous that his return to Europe is absolutely necessary for his recovery.
D A N I E L C A M P B E L L
Surgeon General, Fort William.
January 2nd, 1783”30

The records state that Richard was allowed to resign a few days later on January 6, 1783,31 and on January 10th, he boarded the ship “Trial”32 at Calcutta for the long journey home to Ireland. There can be little doubt that Robert resigned from the company's service as soon as he found out that Richard was so ill, and sailed up to meet him in Calcutta so that they could travel home together, accompanied, of course, by Richard's daughter, Anna Maria. Family tradition has it that Hedjeba died in India or on the journey over to Ireland.

NOTES:

1. A List of the General and Field-Officers as they Rank in the Army,etc., London, 1763, p 147, 83rd Reg't of Foot - Ireland
2. RD, Mem. 170860, Book 259 (or 250), p 396 (or 306), 1768, “Quin & Sankey & ors to Jacob”
3. India Office Library, London
4. List Of The Officers Of The Bengal Army, 1758-1834, Major V.C.P. Hodson, London, 1946, Part III, p 77
5. Encyclopedia Britannica, 1948, vol 6, p 394
6. General History of the Dormant, Abeyant, Forfeited & Extinct Peerages of the British Empire (Burke's Extinct Peerages), Sir Bernard Burke, London, 1883, pp 134-5, “Earls of Bellamont”
7. BIFR, 1976, p 861, “Thomson-Moore of Barne”
8. East India Fortunes, P.J.Marshall, Oxford, 1976, p 16
9. Ibid, p 17
10. Ibid, p 18
11. Ibid, p 20
12. Madras Dispatches, India Office Library, Ref 3/4/864, p 1141 (East India Co. records located by Ormonde Phillips’ genealogical researcher, Mrs Hazel Craig)
13. Government Proceedings, Madras, vol VIII, p 265
14. Officers of the Bengal Army, V.C.P.Hodson, Part III, p 77
15. East India Fortunes, p 18
16. RD, Mem. 214349, Book 315, p 322, 1775, “Ryan to Long”
17. RD, Mem. 214349, Book 315, p 411, 1777, “Long to Long”
18. Madras Dispatches, India Office, Ref. E/4/868, p 21
19. “Bengal Baptisms,” India Office, Ref. N/1/2, Folio 283, “Christenings in Calcutta”
20. East India Fortunes, pp 196-7
21. Officers of the Bengal Army, V. Hodson, III, p 77
22. India Office Library, “List of Officers Stationed on the Coast of Coromandel, India,” Ref. L/Mil/1
23. Officers of the Bengal Army, V. Hodson, III, p 77
24. Ibid
25. East India Fortunes, p 114
26. Ibid, pp 33-4
27. Ibid, pp 192-6
28. India Office Library, Ref. L/Mil/11/1
29. India Office Library, “Bengal Proceedings”
30. Ibid
31. Officers of the Bengal Army, V. Hodson, III, p 77
32. India Office Library, Ref. L/Mar/B/580A




8. THE INDIA/CLUTTERBUCK LETTER

The story of the Longs in India would not be complete without the inclusion of the following letter which was miraculously found amongst the “Clutterbuck Family Papers”1 on file at the Public Record Office in Dublin:
“Sookally in the
Burdwan District
March 18 1780


My Dear Madam
In a very un[in]habited part of the world where I am just now halted for the day after a very long fatiguing march and but ill provided with materials for writing to a lady I have rec'd Mr. Clutterbuck's friendly favor of December the 8th, 1778 to whom I am equally obliged for his attention to me as I am to you for your kind addition to it, In one part of which you say, ‘did you not wish to shew one that you often thought of me with regard you should not take up my time with such stuff,’ Were had not long experience made me thoroughly sensible of yr. goodness, I should be much perplexed for a reply, finding myself deficient in words to express the lively sense of gratitude I feel for the many favors you so often have, and still continue to confer on me amongst which what you please to term stuff is by me considered not the smalest.

Your friendly style never fails to hand into my mind afresh - the pleasing thoughts of past times, The little excursions about Killgrogy with you, your sisters, Mr. Clutterbuck and other friends, & the jaunts to Youghal, but where do my confused thoughts hurry me, it must be that the most trivial incidents in the society of those friends we esteem strike deep on the mind, believe me when I tell you that my walks with you, and your Sisters down to the Bridge, going to get Cherries, into the Garden, to look at the flowers, or with Mr. Clutterbuck down to the Deerpark more frequently occur to my mind than all the Scenes I have been in, either in England or India, what weight does real friendship stamp on trifles.

Doctor Jackson gave me a full acct of Mr. Clutterbucks generous conduct to Mr. Guard and his family, I suppose she whom I used to dandle as little Lucy would be much offended was she to be now addressed by that epithet, be so kind as to remember me in the warmest terms to her worthy Mother and all the family, and now that I have mentioned little Lucy, pray how does your good sister Mrs. Giles. Except from Mr. Jackson, I dont know when I have heard of her, It would be kind in you and Mr. Clutterbuck to mention her particularily as the acc'ts Mr. Jackson gave me of her health were not the most pleasing, She can never enjoy more happiness than I wish her.

Tis I Madam that might with real justice appoligize for what I write, The being so long absent from Society (for there is now no lady at our factory and without the fair, I can never consider any place Sociable) and of consequence ignorent of what is going forward in the gay Metropolis of Calcutta except now and then hearing that Masquerades and Balls are now become quite the ton, deprives me of the opportunity of relating matters perhaps more entertaining than what I am necessitated to do from a wilderness.

It is certain did I choose it I might now and then mix in those Scenes of festivity which I have mentioned, but then it must be at such an expence as would retard much, nay perhaps totally, my main object that of assisting those dear to me and once more joining those friends I esteem, a point I have hopes of one day accomplishing agreeable to my very confined views, particularily as my Brother is in good health and has now got the Command of Ellore a very creditable Station and I hope one that may prove advantagious also which makes me easey on his acc't.

Having wrote to Mr. Clutterbuck the 23rd of December last in which I gave a very full description of my situation I shall not at present attempt a repetition further than to tell you that I have still a larger portion of my little fortune here than the Sums I put down in that letter to have been already remitted, this I mention being well convinced how much you interest yourself in my well doing, Were the rents of Cahiraby but paid up, and my Dearest Mother and Sisters by regularily receiving them, comfortably settled, I could enjoy a very tranquil state of mind, but the repeated accounts of their distresses hurt me much.

I have rec'd a letter of late from my Mother in which she mentions Keatings having been ejected in consequence of which I wrote to Mr. Clutterbuck a few days ago the date I cant mention not having my papers by me but I am sure in as about the beginning of this month, in which I requested him to advance my Mother and Sisters Sums equevolent to the part of the rents appropriated to them, provided the rents were not then recover'd, and that he had cash of mine so to do, this I hope may in some measure relieve them.

We've had a very pleasing cold season which I fear we shall pay for presently, for the weather is become remarkably hot already, the mercury is at near 90 now in my tent tho' under a very shady tree however our mornings and evenings are yet very pleasant.

You will oblige me much when opportunity offers by remembering me in the kindest terms to Mrs. Beere and her fair daughters, Mrs. Atkins (whose name I could not some time ago recollect as you will see by my letter to Mr. Clutterbuck), The family at Ballyboy & Mr. Tennisson, Jarrold Gibbons, and in fine to all my friends, The enclosed be pleased to give to Mr. Clutterbuck with the best wishes of him who has now the honor of subscribing himself with the most profound respect and esteem and let me add sincere friendship.
My Dear Madam
your most affectionately obliged
humble and very obedient Servant.
R I C H A R D L O N G”

Richard wrote the letter in Burdwan where we know he was stationed. The letter is dated March 18, 1780, at which time he was still a lieutenant; his promotion to captain would happen later that year in October. His letter is addressed to Eleanor, wife of Thomas Clutterbuck, of Kilgrogy,2 an old friend and neighbor of the Longs. Eleanor was the daughter of Geoffrey Prendergast of Mullough,3 located just a few miles from Lacken House, so it is certain that Eleanor and Richard had known each other since their childhood days. Since Eleanor and Thomas Clutterbuck were married in 1753, she was probably born circa 1735, making her about five or six years older than Richard.

Many of the people mentioned in the letter can be identified. Doctor Jackson was probably Edward Rowland Jackson (d 1797), son of Rowland Jackson, of Ballyboy. 4 E. R. Jackson's second wife was Anne, daughter of William Beere, also of Ballyboy. Mr. Guard is Thomas Garde (d 1806),5 who was married to Eleanor's sister Mary Anne. Eleanor's youngest sister was “little” Lucy Prendergast, who married Nicholas Giles of Youghal.6

Some of Richard's spelling, words and expressions may seem strange to us. When he writes that “there is now no lady at our factory,” he means “factory” as in “trading post.” When referring to the social life in Calcutta, he remarks that “Masquerades and Balls are now become quite the ton”; by context, “quite the ton” must mean, “quite the fashion.” Richard states that his main object is that of assisting those dear to him, thus implying that his purpose for being in India is to make money to send home to his family.

When Richard claims that his brother Robert “has now got command of Ellore,” he exaggerates, since William Baillie was in charge of Ellore in 1780.7 However, Robert Long's name does appear on the same list as William Baillie, as a “Captain commanding a Battalion of Sepoys.”8 Perhaps Robert was second or third in command at Ellore, located about 300 miles north of Madras. Richard refers to Ellore as being a very creditable Station (i.e: military post), and hopes that it may prove advantageous, thereby once again revealing their main reason for being in India - that of making a fortune.

The reference to his “little fortune” indicates that as of March 1780, Richard had not yet struck it rich. Once he had been promoted to the rank of captain in October 1780, he would thereafter have gravitated much closer to the sources of money and power, and would also have come into very close contact with the Rajah of Burdwan, whose bodyguard Richard commanded. If Richard was as amiable as his letter suggests, then there can be little doubt that he may have established a friendly rapport with the Rajah who might then have been inclined to have given Richard the legendary “golden handshake.”

Next we learn that the Clutterbucks have been helping the Long Family by tending to their finances and landholdings in the absence of both Richard and Robert. When Richard remarks on how much Eleanor interests herself in his well doing, one is almost inclined to suspect that they might secretly harbor some romantic interest for each other.

“Comfortably settled” infers that Richard's mother and sister Jane had moved recently. They had either returned from Cork to Cahir Abbey, or had moved elsewhere from Cahir Abbey, which had been rented out to Mr. Keating. Since we previously learned that Richard's mother died in Clonmel in 1799, it's safe to guess that Elizabeth and her daughter Jane had moved there. Although as the elder son, Robert had inherited Edward's landholdings, it's reassuring to note that Richard, as the younger son, interested himself in Cahir Abbey, and contributed financially to his family.

The final paragraph of the letter refers to more of their mutual friends and neighbors. Mrs. Beere was the former Anne Jackson, aunt of Dr. Jackson, and she was the second wife of William Beere of Ballyboy,9 located about six miles from Lacken. Mrs. Atkins, wife of Charles Atkins, was Elizabeth, daughter of William Beere by his first wife.10 Mr. Tennisson may have been related to Joseph Tennison, whose wife Deborah, was the sister of Ann Long, Richard's aunt.

Richard Long's stylized signature proved to be the clincher in proving that the Richard Long of the letter was one and the same person as Richard Long of Longfield. The signature on the letter is identical to the one on Richard's 1790 Marriage Settlement.11

NOTES:

1. “Clutterbuck Family Papers,” Public Record Office of Ireland, Files M5454(54) & M5454(55)
2. The Irish Genealogist, vol 4, No. 2, Oct 1969, p 90, “Extracts from the Minutes of the Corporation of Fethard, Co. Tipperary.” There may have existed a possible further connection between the Longs & the Clutterbucks. An abstract of the 1825 will of Richard Clutterbuck of Bannixtown, Co. Tipperary (to be found in Registry of Deeds Dublin - Abstracts of Wills, vol III, Irish Manuscripts Commission, Dublin, 1984, p 381, Will # 581), names Richard Clutterbuck’s brother, Thomas Clutterbuck of Kilgrogy. The will was witnessed by James Duncan Long (b 1788) [son of William Long], of Kilmore Lodge, Co. Dublin, & by Thomas Long Jr., of Dublin. Might James & Thomas Long have been related to Robert & Richard Long?
3. History of the Colonial Gentry (aka Burke's Colonial Gentry), Sir Bernard Burke, London, 1895, p 775, “Prendergast”
4. BLG, 1871 edn, p 694, “Jackson of Anahesk”
5. BLG, 1858 edn, p 428, “Garde of Ballinacurra”
6. Burke's Colonial Gentry, p 775, “Prendergast”
7. “List of the Officers Stationed on the Coast of Coromandel,” India Office, Ref. l/Mil/11/1
8. Ibid
9. BLG, 1871 edn, p 694, “Jackson of Anahesk”
10. BLG, 1858 edn, p 30, “Atkins of Firville”
11. RD, Mem. 274023, Book 419, p 293, 1790, “Long & Moore to others”



9. THE LONGS & RYANS AT HOME IN IRELAND

By allowing six months for the long journey home from India, Robert, Richard and Anna Maria would have arrived back in Ireland by July 1783. It cannot be said with certainty that Robert returned to Ireland with them since no further record of him has been found except that his will was proved in 1798,1 in the Prerogative Court of Armagh. The extract from the will index reads: “1798 LONG, Robert.....captain in East India Co.'s service (Copy).” Therefore Robert Long died no later than 1797 or 1798; we don't know where. Since only a copy of his will was sent to the Prerogative Court of Ireland, it leads one to believe that Robert may have settled in England or that he may have returned to India as a merchant or banker. It is also possible that Robert may have died as early as the mid or late 1780s, and that his will wasn't located until 1798 when it was proved.

Richard and his mother would have been the main beneficiaries of Robert's estate. If Robert had been even half as successful as Richard in India, then Richard would have stood to inherit a tidy sum. Their mother, Elizabeth, died in 1799, and once again, Richard would have been the chief beneficiary, thus inheriting most of what Elizabeth would have received from Robert's estate, plus her own estate, inherited from both her husband and her brother Lewis. In his turn, Lewis Mauzy (d 1779) had been heir apparent to both his father and mother - Ann Mauzy had received 4,000 Pounds from the estate of her brother Richard Hutchinson (d 1757). To sum matters up, even had Richard not prospered in India, he would have become comfortably well-off by 1800 A.D. However, having made a fortune in Bengal, Richard Long could now be called a “Nabob.”

During the twelve years the Long brothers had been away in India, changes had taken place in their family back home in Ireland. Edward Long had died in Cork in 1773, and that sad occasion was offset somewhat by Anna Maria's subsequent marriage in Cork to the Reverend William Ryan of Cashel in 1775.2

The records of Trinity College Dublin3 advise that William Ryan obtained his B.A. from Trinity in 1769. The Church of Ireland Library in Dublin includes a volume containing a brief biographical sketch of Rev Ryan.4 He was ordained in 1773, and appointed rector of Kilvemnon, Tipperary, in 1781. Back in those days, clergymen were obliged to collect from all farmers and tenant-farmers, rich and poor alike, a special tithe or tax on croplands. The tax was especially burdensome to the poor peasant farmers, and, as a result, a “violent attack took place in October 1785 when it was reported that a great number of persons armed with clubs, poles, pitchforks and firearms, some of whom were covered with white shirts, broke into the house of Revd William Ryan ..... and violently assaulted him.”5 Consequently, the Ryans moved back to the vicinity of Cashel, to Spafield House, where they lived until the Rev. Ryan died in 1805, as indicated by the Index to Prerogative Wills of Ireland.6

William and Anna Maria Ryan had a family of five children: Soame Jenyns, Richard, Ellen, Elizabeth and Jane. Their elder son, Soame Jenyns Ryan (b 1783), was named in honor of his mother's relative, the writer, Soame Jenyns (1704-1787). Soame Jenyns Ryan attended Trinity College Dublin and obtained his B.A. in 1804.7 According to an 1816 Deed, he resided in Dublin and was a barrister.8 The 1816 Deed refers to the 1805 will of William Ryan who left an annuity for his wife Anna Maria, who was still living in 1805.9

William and Anna Maria's younger son was the Reverend Richard Ryan who was born circa 1790 in Tipperary. He also attended Trinity College Dublin and obtained his B.A. in 1811 and his M.A. in 1832. He served as Vicar of Rathconnell and as Rector of Rathcore, both in County Meath. In 1814, he married Mary Giffard10 and they had four children: William,11 Sarah, Ellen and Anna Maria. Richard Ryan died in 1837 and is buried at Rathcore.12 He was the author of four books dealing with religion and morality,13 including one entitled Practical Remedies for the Practical Evils of Ireland.

As previously stated, Anna Maria and William Ryan's three daughters were Ellen, Elizabeth and Jane. Two 1809 deeds14 indicate they were all living at the time at Springfield in County Wicklow, presumably with their Mother. Elizabeth's 1809 marriage will be discussed in Chapter 17.

It's not known when and where Anna Maria died. We do know that she and her husband lived for many years near Cashel. Dorothea Herbert's diary gives us our only glimpse of her personality: “Mrs Ryan the Clergymans Wife and her Daughter came here for a night. She was so full of John Roe that she could talk of nothing else”; “the Monosyllables dropping constantly from Mrs Ryan made me quite in Love with her conversation.” 15 Anna Maria certainly sounds like she was quite the character, and I get the feeling that she and her brother Richard with his sociability, got along very well together.

Richard and Anna Maria's sister, Jane Long, was married in 1781 to Robert Rogers of Tamlaght, near Cookstown in County Tyrone. The Registry of Deeds has record of their marriage settlement: “Robert Rogers ..... of the first part, Jane Long of Clonmell .... Spinster, of the second part, Robert Long, now in India ..... of the third part.”16 Amongst those witnessing the Deed were: “Rev Patrick Hare of Cashel,” and “Anna Maria Ryan, wife to the Rev William Ryan of Spafield.”17 The deed confirms our earlier suspicion that Jane and her mother had settled in Clonmel after returning from Cork. It's interesting to note that the Deed confirms that Robert Long was in India in 1781.

Nothing else is known of Jane and Robert Rogers except for the fact that they must have had a daughter Jane, who married Frederick DeButts in 1800 A.D. Their marriage settlement18 advises that the Rev William Ryan and his son, Soame Jenyns Ryan, were parties to the deed.

NOTES:

1. Index to Prerogative Wills of Ireland, Sir Arthur Vicars, 1897, p 290
2. RD, Mem. 215978, Book 318, p 322, 1775, “Ryan to Long”
3. Alumni Dublinenses, p 724
4. Irish Clerical Succession Lists, J.B. Leslie, Ms 61, p 974, Representative Church Body Library, Dublin
5. Land, Politics & Society in 18th Century Tipperary, Thomas P. Power, Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1993, p 208
6. Index to Prerogative Wills of Ireland, p 411
7. Alumni Dublinenses, p 724; and RD, Memorial 479813, Book 699, p 666, 1816, “Ryan to Leslie”
8. Ibid, “Ryan to Leslie”
9. Ibid
10. Irish Clerical Succession Lists, Item 1820, “Vicars of Rathconnell”
11. County Families of the United Kingdom, Edward Walford, London, 1905 edn, p 886
12. Irish Clerical Succession Lists, Item 1820
13. The National Union Catalog, Pre-1956 Imprints, vol # not available, p 302
14. RD, Mem. 423094, Book 614, p 394, 1809, “Ryan to Battersby”; and Mem. 423095, Book 614, p 395, 1809, “Ryan to Ryan”
15. Retrospections of Dorothea Herbert, Dorothea Herbert, London, 1929, pp 260-1, [1789 section]
16. RD, Mem. 237051, Book 353, p 133, 1783, “Long to Long”
17. Ibid
18. RD, Mem. 345402, Book 523, p 274, 1800, “DeButts & Rogers to Ball & Ryan”



10. LONG FAMILY STORIES

My Grandmother, Florence Long Howe (1889-1978), was always fascinated by her Long ancestors in Ireland. During her childhood in Wisconsin, her Irish Grandfather, Edward John Long (1827-1905), often told her stories about the Longs back in Tipperary. In turn, she passed those stories on to her children and therefore helped spark my interest in her family. Such stories often get changed when retold, and in any event, can rarely be substantiated. Legends of the past may have no basis in reality, and yet they may occasionally contain a few kernels of truth.

Our first Long Ancestor in Ireland is said to have come over from England with Oliver Cromwell in 1649. The Wisconsin Longs thought his name might have been Captain John Long, member of an English gentry family. Three Cromwellian officers have been considered as possible candidates: Colonel Thomas Long of County Meath,1 Captain William Long and Richard Long.2 However, as regards the Longs of Longfield, no connection has yet been made with either a Cromwellian soldier or settler, or with any known Long family in England.

The story goes that Captain Long had settled in County Tipperary by the latter part of the 17th Century, and that initially, he and his family had raised cattle on their rich pasturelands. Then the Longs decided to raise sheep and get into the woollen business. With this purpose in mind, Mr. Long decided to cross over to England and learn all he could about manufacturing wool. After working for several months in an English woollen mill, he returned to Tipperary, where with the help of a few partners, he built a woollen mill, which, so the story goes, was the first woollen mill to have been owned and operated by persons living in Ireland.

Not wanting competition from Ireland, English woollen merchants arranged to have the Longs' woollen mill burned down. The Longs rebuilt the mill, only to have it torched a second time. If there were any truth to Mr. Long's having worked in an English woollen mill, then it might be interesting to conjecture that Robert Long (d 1712) of Graystown could have perhaps met his future wife while working in the London woollen mill owned by her father, Bartholomew Soame, a woollen draper.

The History of Clonmel sheds some light on the history of the cattle and woollen trades in late 17th Century Tipperary: “Herds of black cattle and vast flocks of sheep covered the face of the country.” “From 1660 onwards the shipping of cattle began on a considerable scale, but in 1666, the country gentlemen who composed the English parliament grew jealous, and an Act was passed declaring the trade a nuisance, and absolutely prohibiting it.”3

In 1674, a well-known economist of the day recommended “that the manufacture of worsted and coarse woollens for home consumption, would increase the profits of wool [and] give much employment to the poor.” “But the foundations of more lasting prosperity would have been laid had not the iniquitous policy of [King] William III crushed the woollen industry.”4

After the woollen fiasco, the Longs switched over to the linen trade. Soon English linen merchants successfully demanded that the Irish be prevented from exporting cheap linen goods. If that weren't trouble enough, the Irish, justifiably angered at being dispossessed of their lands by English settlers, set fire to the Longs' fields of flax. All this is said to have happened toward the end of the 17th or the beginning of the 18th Century.

During a 17th or 18th Century famine in Ireland, the Longs are said to have sent a ship over to France where they purchased food to help feed those starving back home. On the journey back to Ireland, the ship, loaded with foodstuffs, was allegedly sunk by the English navy. No record of any such event has been discovered. The final story is about a ghost and we'll save that one for later.

NOTES:

1. Irish Pedigrees, John O'Hart, Baltimore, 1976, vol II, p 417, “Soldiers of the Commonwealth”
2. Ibid, vol II, p 397, “The Forty-Nine Officers”
3. History of Clonmel, Chapter VII, “Clonmel from the Restoration to the Revolution,” p 101
4. Ibid, p 104

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